// chai 2.3.0 works with ie9+

;(function(){

  /**
   * Require the module at `name`.
   *
   * @param {String} name
   * @return {Object} exports
   * @api public
   */

  function require(name) {
    var module = require.modules[name];
    if (!module) throw new Error('failed to require "' + name + '"');

    if (!('exports' in module) && typeof module.definition === 'function') {
      module.client = module.component = true;
      module.definition.call(this, module.exports = {}, module);
      delete module.definition;
    }

    return module.exports;
  }

  /**
   * Meta info, accessible in the global scope unless you use AMD option.
   */

  require.loader = 'component';

  /**
   * Internal helper object, contains a sorting function for semantiv versioning
   */
  require.helper = {};
  require.helper.semVerSort = function(a, b) {
    var aArray = a.version.split('.');
    var bArray = b.version.split('.');
    for (var i=0; i<aArray.length; ++i) {
      var aInt = parseInt(aArray[i], 10);
      var bInt = parseInt(bArray[i], 10);
      if (aInt === bInt) {
        var aLex = aArray[i].substr((""+aInt).length);
        var bLex = bArray[i].substr((""+bInt).length);
        if (aLex === '' && bLex !== '') return 1;
        if (aLex !== '' && bLex === '') return -1;
        if (aLex !== '' && bLex !== '') return aLex > bLex ? 1 : -1;
        continue;
      } else if (aInt > bInt) {
        return 1;
      } else {
        return -1;
      }
    }
    return 0;
  }

  /**
   * Find and require a module which name starts with the provided name.
   * If multiple modules exists, the highest semver is used.
   * This function can only be used for remote dependencies.

   * @param {String} name - module name: `user~repo`
   * @param {Boolean} returnPath - returns the canonical require path if true,
   *                               otherwise it returns the epxorted module
   */
  require.latest = function (name, returnPath) {
    function showError(name) {
      throw new Error('failed to find latest module of "' + name + '"');
    }
    // only remotes with semvers, ignore local files conataining a '/'
    var versionRegexp = /(.*)~(.*)@v?(\d+\.\d+\.\d+[^\/]*)$/;
    var remoteRegexp = /(.*)~(.*)/;
    if (!remoteRegexp.test(name)) showError(name);
    var moduleNames = Object.keys(require.modules);
    var semVerCandidates = [];
    var otherCandidates = []; // for instance: name of the git branch
    for (var i=0; i<moduleNames.length; i++) {
      var moduleName = moduleNames[i];
      if (new RegExp(name + '@').test(moduleName)) {
          var version = moduleName.substr(name.length+1);
          var semVerMatch = versionRegexp.exec(moduleName);
          if (semVerMatch != null) {
            semVerCandidates.push({version: version, name: moduleName});
          } else {
            otherCandidates.push({version: version, name: moduleName});
          }
      }
    }
    if (semVerCandidates.concat(otherCandidates).length === 0) {
      showError(name);
    }
    if (semVerCandidates.length > 0) {
      var module = semVerCandidates.sort(require.helper.semVerSort).pop().name;
      if (returnPath === true) {
        return module;
      }
      return require(module);
    }
    // if the build contains more than one branch of the same module
    // you should not use this funciton
    var module = otherCandidates.sort(function(a, b) {return a.name > b.name})[0].name;
    if (returnPath === true) {
      return module;
    }
    return require(module);
  }

  /**
   * Registered modules.
   */

  require.modules = {};

  /**
   * Register module at `name` with callback `definition`.
   *
   * @param {String} name
   * @param {Function} definition
   * @api private
   */

  require.register = function (name, definition) {
    require.modules[name] = {
      definition: definition
    };
  };

  /**
   * Define a module's exports immediately with `exports`.
   *
   * @param {String} name
   * @param {Generic} exports
   * @api private
   */

  require.define = function (name, exports) {
    require.modules[name] = {
      exports: exports
    };
  };
  require.register("chaijs~assertion-error@1.0.0", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * assertion-error
   * Copyright(c) 2013 Jake Luer <jake@qualiancy.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /*!
   * Return a function that will copy properties from
   * one object to another excluding any originally
   * listed. Returned function will create a new `{}`.
   *
   * @param {String} excluded properties ...
   * @return {Function}
   */

  function exclude () {
    var excludes = [].slice.call(arguments);

    function excludeProps (res, obj) {
      Object.keys(obj).forEach(function (key) {
        if (!~excludes.indexOf(key)) res[key] = obj[key];
      });
    }

    return function extendExclude () {
      var args = [].slice.call(arguments)
        , i = 0
        , res = {};

      for (; i < args.length; i++) {
        excludeProps(res, args[i]);
      }

      return res;
    };
  };

  /*!
   * Primary Exports
   */

  module.exports = AssertionError;

  /**
   * ### AssertionError
   *
   * An extension of the JavaScript `Error` constructor for
   * assertion and validation scenarios.
   *
   * @param {String} message
   * @param {Object} properties to include (optional)
   * @param {callee} start stack function (optional)
   */

  function AssertionError (message, _props, ssf) {
    var extend = exclude('name', 'message', 'stack', 'constructor', 'toJSON')
      , props = extend(_props || {});

    // default values
    this.message = message || 'Unspecified AssertionError';
    this.showDiff = false;

    // copy from properties
    for (var key in props) {
      this[key] = props[key];
    }

    // capture stack trace
    ssf = ssf || arguments.callee;
    if (ssf && Error.captureStackTrace) {
      Error.captureStackTrace(this, ssf);
    }
  }

  /*!
   * Inherit from Error.prototype
   */

  AssertionError.prototype = Object.create(Error.prototype);

  /*!
   * Statically set name
   */

  AssertionError.prototype.name = 'AssertionError';

  /*!
   * Ensure correct constructor
   */

  AssertionError.prototype.constructor = AssertionError;

  /**
   * Allow errors to be converted to JSON for static transfer.
   *
   * @param {Boolean} include stack (default: `true`)
   * @return {Object} object that can be `JSON.stringify`
   */

  AssertionError.prototype.toJSON = function (stack) {
    var extend = exclude('constructor', 'toJSON', 'stack')
      , props = extend({ name: this.name }, this);

    // include stack if exists and not turned off
    if (false !== stack && this.stack) {
      props.stack = this.stack;
    }

    return props;
  };

  });

  require.register("chaijs~type-detect@0.1.1", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * type-detect
   * Copyright(c) 2013 jake luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /*!
   * Primary Exports
   */

  var exports = module.exports = getType;

  /*!
   * Detectable javascript natives
   */

  var natives = {
      '[object Array]': 'array'
    , '[object RegExp]': 'regexp'
    , '[object Function]': 'function'
    , '[object Arguments]': 'arguments'
    , '[object Date]': 'date'
  };

  /**
   * ### typeOf (obj)
   *
   * Use several different techniques to determine
   * the type of object being tested.
   *
   *
   * @param {Mixed} object
   * @return {String} object type
   * @api public
   */

  function getType (obj) {
    var str = Object.prototype.toString.call(obj);
    if (natives[str]) return natives[str];
    if (obj === null) return 'null';
    if (obj === undefined) return 'undefined';
    if (obj === Object(obj)) return 'object';
    return typeof obj;
  }

  exports.Library = Library;

  /**
   * ### Library
   *
   * Create a repository for custom type detection.
   *
   * ```js
   * var lib = new type.Library;
   * ```
   *
   */

  function Library () {
    this.tests = {};
  }

  /**
   * #### .of (obj)
   *
   * Expose replacement `typeof` detection to the library.
   *
   * ```js
   * if ('string' === lib.of('hello world')) {
   *   // ...
   * }
   * ```
   *
   * @param {Mixed} object to test
   * @return {String} type
   */

  Library.prototype.of = getType;

  /**
   * #### .define (type, test)
   *
   * Add a test to for the `.test()` assertion.
   *
   * Can be defined as a regular expression:
   *
   * ```js
   * lib.define('int', /^[0-9]+$/);
   * ```
   *
   * ... or as a function:
   *
   * ```js
   * lib.define('bln', function (obj) {
   *   if ('boolean' === lib.of(obj)) return true;
   *   var blns = [ 'yes', 'no', 'true', 'false', 1, 0 ];
   *   if ('string' === lib.of(obj)) obj = obj.toLowerCase();
   *   return !! ~blns.indexOf(obj);
   * });
   * ```
   *
   * @param {String} type
   * @param {RegExp|Function} test
   * @api public
   */

  Library.prototype.define = function (type, test) {
    if (arguments.length === 1) return this.tests[type];
    this.tests[type] = test;
    return this;
  };

  /**
   * #### .test (obj, test)
   *
   * Assert that an object is of type. Will first
   * check natives, and if that does not pass it will
   * use the user defined custom tests.
   *
   * ```js
   * assert(lib.test('1', 'int'));
   * assert(lib.test('yes', 'bln'));
   * ```
   *
   * @param {Mixed} object
   * @param {String} type
   * @return {Boolean} result
   * @api public
   */

  Library.prototype.test = function (obj, type) {
    if (type === getType(obj)) return true;
    var test = this.tests[type];

    if (test && 'regexp' === getType(test)) {
      return test.test(obj);
    } else if (test && 'function' === getType(test)) {
      return test(obj);
    } else {
      throw new ReferenceError('Type test "' + type + '" not defined or invalid.');
    }
  };

  });

  require.register("chaijs~deep-eql@0.1.3", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * deep-eql
   * Copyright(c) 2013 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /*!
   * Module dependencies
   */

  var type = require('chaijs~type-detect@0.1.1');

  /*!
   * Buffer.isBuffer browser shim
   */

  var Buffer;
  try { Buffer = require('buffer').Buffer; }
  catch(ex) {
    Buffer = {};
    Buffer.isBuffer = function() { return false; }
  }

  /*!
   * Primary Export
   */

  module.exports = deepEqual;

  /**
   * Assert super-strict (egal) equality between
   * two objects of any type.
   *
   * @param {Mixed} a
   * @param {Mixed} b
   * @param {Array} memoised (optional)
   * @return {Boolean} equal match
   */

  function deepEqual(a, b, m) {
    if (sameValue(a, b)) {
      return true;
    } else if ('date' === type(a)) {
      return dateEqual(a, b);
    } else if ('regexp' === type(a)) {
      return regexpEqual(a, b);
    } else if (Buffer.isBuffer(a)) {
      return bufferEqual(a, b);
    } else if ('arguments' === type(a)) {
      return argumentsEqual(a, b, m);
    } else if (!typeEqual(a, b)) {
      return false;
    } else if (('object' !== type(a) && 'object' !== type(b))
    && ('array' !== type(a) && 'array' !== type(b))) {
      return sameValue(a, b);
    } else {
      return objectEqual(a, b, m);
    }
  }

  /*!
   * Strict (egal) equality test. Ensures that NaN always
   * equals NaN and `-0` does not equal `+0`.
   *
   * @param {Mixed} a
   * @param {Mixed} b
   * @return {Boolean} equal match
   */

  function sameValue(a, b) {
    if (a === b) return a !== 0 || 1 / a === 1 / b;
    return a !== a && b !== b;
  }

  /*!
   * Compare the types of two given objects and
   * return if they are equal. Note that an Array
   * has a type of `array` (not `object`) and arguments
   * have a type of `arguments` (not `array`/`object`).
   *
   * @param {Mixed} a
   * @param {Mixed} b
   * @return {Boolean} result
   */

  function typeEqual(a, b) {
    return type(a) === type(b);
  }

  /*!
   * Compare two Date objects by asserting that
   * the time values are equal using `saveValue`.
   *
   * @param {Date} a
   * @param {Date} b
   * @return {Boolean} result
   */

  function dateEqual(a, b) {
    if ('date' !== type(b)) return false;
    return sameValue(a.getTime(), b.getTime());
  }

  /*!
   * Compare two regular expressions by converting them
   * to string and checking for `sameValue`.
   *
   * @param {RegExp} a
   * @param {RegExp} b
   * @return {Boolean} result
   */

  function regexpEqual(a, b) {
    if ('regexp' !== type(b)) return false;
    return sameValue(a.toString(), b.toString());
  }

  /*!
   * Assert deep equality of two `arguments` objects.
   * Unfortunately, these must be sliced to arrays
   * prior to test to ensure no bad behavior.
   *
   * @param {Arguments} a
   * @param {Arguments} b
   * @param {Array} memoize (optional)
   * @return {Boolean} result
   */

  function argumentsEqual(a, b, m) {
    if ('arguments' !== type(b)) return false;
    a = [].slice.call(a);
    b = [].slice.call(b);
    return deepEqual(a, b, m);
  }

  /*!
   * Get enumerable properties of a given object.
   *
   * @param {Object} a
   * @return {Array} property names
   */

  function enumerable(a) {
    var res = [];
    for (var key in a) res.push(key);
    return res;
  }

  /*!
   * Simple equality for flat iterable objects
   * such as Arrays or Node.js buffers.
   *
   * @param {Iterable} a
   * @param {Iterable} b
   * @return {Boolean} result
   */

  function iterableEqual(a, b) {
    if (a.length !==  b.length) return false;

    var i = 0;
    var match = true;

    for (; i < a.length; i++) {
      if (a[i] !== b[i]) {
        match = false;
        break;
      }
    }

    return match;
  }

  /*!
   * Extension to `iterableEqual` specifically
   * for Node.js Buffers.
   *
   * @param {Buffer} a
   * @param {Mixed} b
   * @return {Boolean} result
   */

  function bufferEqual(a, b) {
    if (!Buffer.isBuffer(b)) return false;
    return iterableEqual(a, b);
  }

  /*!
   * Block for `objectEqual` ensuring non-existing
   * values don't get in.
   *
   * @param {Mixed} object
   * @return {Boolean} result
   */

  function isValue(a) {
    return a !== null && a !== undefined;
  }

  /*!
   * Recursively check the equality of two objects.
   * Once basic sameness has been established it will
   * defer to `deepEqual` for each enumerable key
   * in the object.
   *
   * @param {Mixed} a
   * @param {Mixed} b
   * @return {Boolean} result
   */

  function objectEqual(a, b, m) {
    if (!isValue(a) || !isValue(b)) {
      return false;
    }

    if (a.prototype !== b.prototype) {
      return false;
    }

    var i;
    if (m) {
      for (i = 0; i < m.length; i++) {
        if ((m[i][0] === a && m[i][1] === b)
        ||  (m[i][0] === b && m[i][1] === a)) {
          return true;
        }
      }
    } else {
      m = [];
    }

    try {
      var ka = enumerable(a);
      var kb = enumerable(b);
    } catch (ex) {
      return false;
    }

    ka.sort();
    kb.sort();

    if (!iterableEqual(ka, kb)) {
      return false;
    }

    m.push([ a, b ]);

    var key;
    for (i = ka.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
      key = ka[i];
      if (!deepEqual(a[key], b[key], m)) {
        return false;
      }
    }

    return true;
  }

  });

  require.register("chai", function (exports, module) {
  module.exports = require('chai/lib/chai.js');

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * chai
   * Copyright(c) 2011-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  var used = []
    , exports = module.exports = {};

  /*!
   * Chai version
   */

  exports.version = '2.3.0';

  /*!
   * Assertion Error
   */

  exports.AssertionError = require('chaijs~assertion-error@1.0.0');

  /*!
   * Utils for plugins (not exported)
   */

  var util = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/index.js');

  /**
   * # .use(function)
   *
   * Provides a way to extend the internals of Chai
   *
   * @param {Function}
   * @returns {this} for chaining
   * @api public
   */

  exports.use = function (fn) {
    if (!~used.indexOf(fn)) {
      fn(this, util);
      used.push(fn);
    }

    return this;
  };

  /*!
   * Utility Functions
   */

  exports.util = util;

  /*!
   * Configuration
   */

  var config = require('chai/lib/chai/config.js');
  exports.config = config;

  /*!
   * Primary `Assertion` prototype
   */

  var assertion = require('chai/lib/chai/assertion.js');
  exports.use(assertion);

  /*!
   * Core Assertions
   */

  var core = require('chai/lib/chai/core/assertions.js');
  exports.use(core);

  /*!
   * Expect interface
   */

  var expect = require('chai/lib/chai/interface/expect.js');
  exports.use(expect);

  /*!
   * Should interface
   */

  var should = require('chai/lib/chai/interface/should.js');
  exports.use(should);

  /*!
   * Assert interface
   */

  var assert = require('chai/lib/chai/interface/assert.js');
  exports.use(assert);

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/assertion.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * chai
   * http://chaijs.com
   * Copyright(c) 2011-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  var config = require('chai/lib/chai/config.js');

  module.exports = function (_chai, util) {
    /*!
     * Module dependencies.
     */

    var AssertionError = _chai.AssertionError
      , flag = util.flag;

    /*!
     * Module export.
     */

    _chai.Assertion = Assertion;

    /*!
     * Assertion Constructor
     *
     * Creates object for chaining.
     *
     * @api private
     */

    function Assertion (obj, msg, stack) {
      flag(this, 'ssfi', stack || arguments.callee);
      flag(this, 'object', obj);
      flag(this, 'message', msg);
    }

    Object.defineProperty(Assertion, 'includeStack', {
      get: function() {
        console.warn('Assertion.includeStack is deprecated, use chai.config.includeStack instead.');
        return config.includeStack;
      },
      set: function(value) {
        console.warn('Assertion.includeStack is deprecated, use chai.config.includeStack instead.');
        config.includeStack = value;
      }
    });

    Object.defineProperty(Assertion, 'showDiff', {
      get: function() {
        console.warn('Assertion.showDiff is deprecated, use chai.config.showDiff instead.');
        return config.showDiff;
      },
      set: function(value) {
        console.warn('Assertion.showDiff is deprecated, use chai.config.showDiff instead.');
        config.showDiff = value;
      }
    });

    Assertion.addProperty = function (name, fn) {
      util.addProperty(this.prototype, name, fn);
    };

    Assertion.addMethod = function (name, fn) {
      util.addMethod(this.prototype, name, fn);
    };

    Assertion.addChainableMethod = function (name, fn, chainingBehavior) {
      util.addChainableMethod(this.prototype, name, fn, chainingBehavior);
    };

    Assertion.overwriteProperty = function (name, fn) {
      util.overwriteProperty(this.prototype, name, fn);
    };

    Assertion.overwriteMethod = function (name, fn) {
      util.overwriteMethod(this.prototype, name, fn);
    };

    Assertion.overwriteChainableMethod = function (name, fn, chainingBehavior) {
      util.overwriteChainableMethod(this.prototype, name, fn, chainingBehavior);
    };

    /*!
     * ### .assert(expression, message, negateMessage, expected, actual)
     *
     * Executes an expression and check expectations. Throws AssertionError for reporting if test doesn't pass.
     *
     * @name assert
     * @param {Philosophical} expression to be tested
     * @param {String or Function} message or function that returns message to display if expression fails
     * @param {String or Function} negatedMessage or function that returns negatedMessage to display if negated expression fails
     * @param {Mixed} expected value (remember to check for negation)
     * @param {Mixed} actual (optional) will default to `this.obj`
     * @param {Boolean} showDiff (optional) when set to `true`, assert will display a diff in addition to the message if expression fails
     * @api private
     */

    Assertion.prototype.assert = function (expr, msg, negateMsg, expected, _actual, showDiff) {
      var ok = util.test(this, arguments);
      if (true !== showDiff) showDiff = false;
      if (true !== config.showDiff) showDiff = false;

      if (!ok) {
        var msg = util.getMessage(this, arguments)
          , actual = util.getActual(this, arguments);
        throw new AssertionError(msg, {
            actual: actual
          , expected: expected
          , showDiff: showDiff
        }, (config.includeStack) ? this.assert : flag(this, 'ssfi'));
      }
    };

    /*!
     * ### ._obj
     *
     * Quick reference to stored `actual` value for plugin developers.
     *
     * @api private
     */

    Object.defineProperty(Assertion.prototype, '_obj',
      { get: function () {
          return flag(this, 'object');
        }
      , set: function (val) {
          flag(this, 'object', val);
        }
    });
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/config.js", function (exports, module) {
  module.exports = {

    /**
     * ### config.includeStack
     *
     * User configurable property, influences whether stack trace
     * is included in Assertion error message. Default of false
     * suppresses stack trace in the error message.
     *
     *     chai.config.includeStack = true;  // enable stack on error
     *
     * @param {Boolean}
     * @api public
     */

     includeStack: false,

    /**
     * ### config.showDiff
     *
     * User configurable property, influences whether or not
     * the `showDiff` flag should be included in the thrown
     * AssertionErrors. `false` will always be `false`; `true`
     * will be true when the assertion has requested a diff
     * be shown.
     *
     * @param {Boolean}
     * @api public
     */

    showDiff: true,

    /**
     * ### config.truncateThreshold
     *
     * User configurable property, sets length threshold for actual and
     * expected values in assertion errors. If this threshold is exceeded, for
     * example for large data structures, the value is replaced with something
     * like `[ Array(3) ]` or `{ Object (prop1, prop2) }`.
     *
     * Set it to zero if you want to disable truncating altogether.
     *
     * This is especially userful when doing assertions on arrays: having this
     * set to a reasonable large value makes the failure messages readily
     * inspectable.
     *
     *     chai.config.truncateThreshold = 0;  // disable truncating
     *
     * @param {Number}
     * @api public
     */

    truncateThreshold: 40

  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/core/assertions.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * chai
   * http://chaijs.com
   * Copyright(c) 2011-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  module.exports = function (chai, _) {
    var Assertion = chai.Assertion
      , toString = Object.prototype.toString
      , flag = _.flag;

    /**
     * ### Language Chains
     *
     * The following are provided as chainable getters to
     * improve the readability of your assertions. They
     * do not provide testing capabilities unless they
     * have been overwritten by a plugin.
     *
     * **Chains**
     *
     * - to
     * - be
     * - been
     * - is
     * - that
     * - which
     * - and
     * - has
     * - have
     * - with
     * - at
     * - of
     * - same
     *
     * @name language chains
     * @api public
     */

    [ 'to', 'be', 'been'
    , 'is', 'and', 'has', 'have'
    , 'with', 'that', 'which', 'at'
    , 'of', 'same' ].forEach(function (chain) {
      Assertion.addProperty(chain, function () {
        return this;
      });
    });

    /**
     * ### .not
     *
     * Negates any of assertions following in the chain.
     *
     *     expect(foo).to.not.equal('bar');
     *     expect(goodFn).to.not.throw(Error);
     *     expect({ foo: 'baz' }).to.have.property('foo')
     *       .and.not.equal('bar');
     *
     * @name not
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addProperty('not', function () {
      flag(this, 'negate', true);
    });

    /**
     * ### .deep
     *
     * Sets the `deep` flag, later used by the `equal` and
     * `property` assertions.
     *
     *     expect(foo).to.deep.equal({ bar: 'baz' });
     *     expect({ foo: { bar: { baz: 'quux' } } })
     *       .to.have.deep.property('foo.bar.baz', 'quux');
     *
     * `.deep.property` special characters can be escaped
     * by adding two slashes before the `.` or `[]`.
     *
     *     var deepCss = { '.link': { '[target]': 42 }};
     *     expect(deepCss).to.have.deep.property('\\.link.\\[target\\]', 42);
     *
     * @name deep
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addProperty('deep', function () {
      flag(this, 'deep', true);
    });

    /**
     * ### .any
     *
     * Sets the `any` flag, (opposite of the `all` flag)
     * later used in the `keys` assertion.
     *
     *     expect(foo).to.have.any.keys('bar', 'baz');
     *
     * @name any
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addProperty('any', function () {
      flag(this, 'any', true);
      flag(this, 'all', false)
    });


    /**
     * ### .all
     *
     * Sets the `all` flag (opposite of the `any` flag)
     * later used by the `keys` assertion.
     *
     *     expect(foo).to.have.all.keys('bar', 'baz');
     *
     * @name all
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addProperty('all', function () {
      flag(this, 'all', true);
      flag(this, 'any', false);
    });

    /**
     * ### .a(type)
     *
     * The `a` and `an` assertions are aliases that can be
     * used either as language chains or to assert a value's
     * type.
     *
     *     // typeof
     *     expect('test').to.be.a('string');
     *     expect({ foo: 'bar' }).to.be.an('object');
     *     expect(null).to.be.a('null');
     *     expect(undefined).to.be.an('undefined');
     *
     *     // language chain
     *     expect(foo).to.be.an.instanceof(Foo);
     *
     * @name a
     * @alias an
     * @param {String} type
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    function an (type, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      type = type.toLowerCase();
      var obj = flag(this, 'object')
        , article = ~[ 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u' ].indexOf(type.charAt(0)) ? 'an ' : 'a ';

      this.assert(
          type === _.type(obj)
        , 'expected #{this} to be ' + article + type
        , 'expected #{this} not to be ' + article + type
      );
    }

    Assertion.addChainableMethod('an', an);
    Assertion.addChainableMethod('a', an);

    /**
     * ### .include(value)
     *
     * The `include` and `contain` assertions can be used as either property
     * based language chains or as methods to assert the inclusion of an object
     * in an array or a substring in a string. When used as language chains,
     * they toggle the `contains` flag for the `keys` assertion.
     *
     *     expect([1,2,3]).to.include(2);
     *     expect('foobar').to.contain('foo');
     *     expect({ foo: 'bar', hello: 'universe' }).to.include.keys('foo');
     *
     * @name include
     * @alias contain
     * @alias includes
     * @alias contains
     * @param {Object|String|Number} obj
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    function includeChainingBehavior () {
      flag(this, 'contains', true);
    }

    function include (val, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');
      var expected = false;
      if (_.type(obj) === 'array' && _.type(val) === 'object') {
        for (var i in obj) {
          if (_.eql(obj[i], val)) {
            expected = true;
            break;
          }
        }
      } else if (_.type(val) === 'object') {
        if (!flag(this, 'negate')) {
          for (var k in val) new Assertion(obj).property(k, val[k]);
          return;
        }
        var subset = {};
        for (var k in val) subset[k] = obj[k];
        expected = _.eql(subset, val);
      } else {
        expected = obj && ~obj.indexOf(val);
      }
      this.assert(
          expected
        , 'expected #{this} to include ' + _.inspect(val)
        , 'expected #{this} to not include ' + _.inspect(val));
    }

    Assertion.addChainableMethod('include', include, includeChainingBehavior);
    Assertion.addChainableMethod('contain', include, includeChainingBehavior);
    Assertion.addChainableMethod('contains', include, includeChainingBehavior);
    Assertion.addChainableMethod('includes', include, includeChainingBehavior);

    /**
     * ### .ok
     *
     * Asserts that the target is truthy.
     *
     *     expect('everthing').to.be.ok;
     *     expect(1).to.be.ok;
     *     expect(false).to.not.be.ok;
     *     expect(undefined).to.not.be.ok;
     *     expect(null).to.not.be.ok;
     *
     * @name ok
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addProperty('ok', function () {
      this.assert(
          flag(this, 'object')
        , 'expected #{this} to be truthy'
        , 'expected #{this} to be falsy');
    });

    /**
     * ### .true
     *
     * Asserts that the target is `true`.
     *
     *     expect(true).to.be.true;
     *     expect(1).to.not.be.true;
     *
     * @name true
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addProperty('true', function () {
      this.assert(
          true === flag(this, 'object')
        , 'expected #{this} to be true'
        , 'expected #{this} to be false'
        , this.negate ? false : true
      );
    });

    /**
     * ### .false
     *
     * Asserts that the target is `false`.
     *
     *     expect(false).to.be.false;
     *     expect(0).to.not.be.false;
     *
     * @name false
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addProperty('false', function () {
      this.assert(
          false === flag(this, 'object')
        , 'expected #{this} to be false'
        , 'expected #{this} to be true'
        , this.negate ? true : false
      );
    });

    /**
     * ### .null
     *
     * Asserts that the target is `null`.
     *
     *     expect(null).to.be.null;
     *     expect(undefined).to.not.be.null;
     *
     * @name null
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addProperty('null', function () {
      this.assert(
          null === flag(this, 'object')
        , 'expected #{this} to be null'
        , 'expected #{this} not to be null'
      );
    });

    /**
     * ### .undefined
     *
     * Asserts that the target is `undefined`.
     *
     *     expect(undefined).to.be.undefined;
     *     expect(null).to.not.be.undefined;
     *
     * @name undefined
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addProperty('undefined', function () {
      this.assert(
          undefined === flag(this, 'object')
        , 'expected #{this} to be undefined'
        , 'expected #{this} not to be undefined'
      );
    });

    /**
     * ### .exist
     *
     * Asserts that the target is neither `null` nor `undefined`.
     *
     *     var foo = 'hi'
     *       , bar = null
     *       , baz;
     *
     *     expect(foo).to.exist;
     *     expect(bar).to.not.exist;
     *     expect(baz).to.not.exist;
     *
     * @name exist
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addProperty('exist', function () {
      this.assert(
          null != flag(this, 'object')
        , 'expected #{this} to exist'
        , 'expected #{this} to not exist'
      );
    });


    /**
     * ### .empty
     *
     * Asserts that the target's length is `0`. For arrays and strings, it checks
     * the `length` property. For objects, it gets the count of
     * enumerable keys.
     *
     *     expect([]).to.be.empty;
     *     expect('').to.be.empty;
     *     expect({}).to.be.empty;
     *
     * @name empty
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addProperty('empty', function () {
      var obj = flag(this, 'object')
        , expected = obj;

      if (Array.isArray(obj) || 'string' === typeof object) {
        expected = obj.length;
      } else if (typeof obj === 'object') {
        expected = Object.keys(obj).length;
      }

      this.assert(
          !expected
        , 'expected #{this} to be empty'
        , 'expected #{this} not to be empty'
      );
    });

    /**
     * ### .arguments
     *
     * Asserts that the target is an arguments object.
     *
     *     function test () {
     *       expect(arguments).to.be.arguments;
     *     }
     *
     * @name arguments
     * @alias Arguments
     * @api public
     */

    function checkArguments () {
      var obj = flag(this, 'object')
        , type = Object.prototype.toString.call(obj);
      this.assert(
          '[object Arguments]' === type
        , 'expected #{this} to be arguments but got ' + type
        , 'expected #{this} to not be arguments'
      );
    }

    Assertion.addProperty('arguments', checkArguments);
    Assertion.addProperty('Arguments', checkArguments);

    /**
     * ### .equal(value)
     *
     * Asserts that the target is strictly equal (`===`) to `value`.
     * Alternately, if the `deep` flag is set, asserts that
     * the target is deeply equal to `value`.
     *
     *     expect('hello').to.equal('hello');
     *     expect(42).to.equal(42);
     *     expect(1).to.not.equal(true);
     *     expect({ foo: 'bar' }).to.not.equal({ foo: 'bar' });
     *     expect({ foo: 'bar' }).to.deep.equal({ foo: 'bar' });
     *
     * @name equal
     * @alias equals
     * @alias eq
     * @alias deep.equal
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    function assertEqual (val, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');
      if (flag(this, 'deep')) {
        return this.eql(val);
      } else {
        this.assert(
            val === obj
          , 'expected #{this} to equal #{exp}'
          , 'expected #{this} to not equal #{exp}'
          , val
          , this._obj
          , true
        );
      }
    }

    Assertion.addMethod('equal', assertEqual);
    Assertion.addMethod('equals', assertEqual);
    Assertion.addMethod('eq', assertEqual);

    /**
     * ### .eql(value)
     *
     * Asserts that the target is deeply equal to `value`.
     *
     *     expect({ foo: 'bar' }).to.eql({ foo: 'bar' });
     *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.eql([ 1, 2, 3 ]);
     *
     * @name eql
     * @alias eqls
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    function assertEql(obj, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      this.assert(
          _.eql(obj, flag(this, 'object'))
        , 'expected #{this} to deeply equal #{exp}'
        , 'expected #{this} to not deeply equal #{exp}'
        , obj
        , this._obj
        , true
      );
    }

    Assertion.addMethod('eql', assertEql);
    Assertion.addMethod('eqls', assertEql);

    /**
     * ### .above(value)
     *
     * Asserts that the target is greater than `value`.
     *
     *     expect(10).to.be.above(5);
     *
     * Can also be used in conjunction with `length` to
     * assert a minimum length. The benefit being a
     * more informative error message than if the length
     * was supplied directly.
     *
     *     expect('foo').to.have.length.above(2);
     *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.above(2);
     *
     * @name above
     * @alias gt
     * @alias greaterThan
     * @param {Number} value
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    function assertAbove (n, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');
      if (flag(this, 'doLength')) {
        new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property('length');
        var len = obj.length;
        this.assert(
            len > n
          , 'expected #{this} to have a length above #{exp} but got #{act}'
          , 'expected #{this} to not have a length above #{exp}'
          , n
          , len
        );
      } else {
        this.assert(
            obj > n
          , 'expected #{this} to be above ' + n
          , 'expected #{this} to be at most ' + n
        );
      }
    }

    Assertion.addMethod('above', assertAbove);
    Assertion.addMethod('gt', assertAbove);
    Assertion.addMethod('greaterThan', assertAbove);

    /**
     * ### .least(value)
     *
     * Asserts that the target is greater than or equal to `value`.
     *
     *     expect(10).to.be.at.least(10);
     *
     * Can also be used in conjunction with `length` to
     * assert a minimum length. The benefit being a
     * more informative error message than if the length
     * was supplied directly.
     *
     *     expect('foo').to.have.length.of.at.least(2);
     *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.of.at.least(3);
     *
     * @name least
     * @alias gte
     * @param {Number} value
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    function assertLeast (n, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');
      if (flag(this, 'doLength')) {
        new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property('length');
        var len = obj.length;
        this.assert(
            len >= n
          , 'expected #{this} to have a length at least #{exp} but got #{act}'
          , 'expected #{this} to have a length below #{exp}'
          , n
          , len
        );
      } else {
        this.assert(
            obj >= n
          , 'expected #{this} to be at least ' + n
          , 'expected #{this} to be below ' + n
        );
      }
    }

    Assertion.addMethod('least', assertLeast);
    Assertion.addMethod('gte', assertLeast);

    /**
     * ### .below(value)
     *
     * Asserts that the target is less than `value`.
     *
     *     expect(5).to.be.below(10);
     *
     * Can also be used in conjunction with `length` to
     * assert a maximum length. The benefit being a
     * more informative error message than if the length
     * was supplied directly.
     *
     *     expect('foo').to.have.length.below(4);
     *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.below(4);
     *
     * @name below
     * @alias lt
     * @alias lessThan
     * @param {Number} value
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    function assertBelow (n, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');
      if (flag(this, 'doLength')) {
        new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property('length');
        var len = obj.length;
        this.assert(
            len < n
          , 'expected #{this} to have a length below #{exp} but got #{act}'
          , 'expected #{this} to not have a length below #{exp}'
          , n
          , len
        );
      } else {
        this.assert(
            obj < n
          , 'expected #{this} to be below ' + n
          , 'expected #{this} to be at least ' + n
        );
      }
    }

    Assertion.addMethod('below', assertBelow);
    Assertion.addMethod('lt', assertBelow);
    Assertion.addMethod('lessThan', assertBelow);

    /**
     * ### .most(value)
     *
     * Asserts that the target is less than or equal to `value`.
     *
     *     expect(5).to.be.at.most(5);
     *
     * Can also be used in conjunction with `length` to
     * assert a maximum length. The benefit being a
     * more informative error message than if the length
     * was supplied directly.
     *
     *     expect('foo').to.have.length.of.at.most(4);
     *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.of.at.most(3);
     *
     * @name most
     * @alias lte
     * @param {Number} value
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    function assertMost (n, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');
      if (flag(this, 'doLength')) {
        new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property('length');
        var len = obj.length;
        this.assert(
            len <= n
          , 'expected #{this} to have a length at most #{exp} but got #{act}'
          , 'expected #{this} to have a length above #{exp}'
          , n
          , len
        );
      } else {
        this.assert(
            obj <= n
          , 'expected #{this} to be at most ' + n
          , 'expected #{this} to be above ' + n
        );
      }
    }

    Assertion.addMethod('most', assertMost);
    Assertion.addMethod('lte', assertMost);

    /**
     * ### .within(start, finish)
     *
     * Asserts that the target is within a range.
     *
     *     expect(7).to.be.within(5,10);
     *
     * Can also be used in conjunction with `length` to
     * assert a length range. The benefit being a
     * more informative error message than if the length
     * was supplied directly.
     *
     *     expect('foo').to.have.length.within(2,4);
     *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.within(2,4);
     *
     * @name within
     * @param {Number} start lowerbound inclusive
     * @param {Number} finish upperbound inclusive
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addMethod('within', function (start, finish, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object')
        , range = start + '..' + finish;
      if (flag(this, 'doLength')) {
        new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property('length');
        var len = obj.length;
        this.assert(
            len >= start && len <= finish
          , 'expected #{this} to have a length within ' + range
          , 'expected #{this} to not have a length within ' + range
        );
      } else {
        this.assert(
            obj >= start && obj <= finish
          , 'expected #{this} to be within ' + range
          , 'expected #{this} to not be within ' + range
        );
      }
    });

    /**
     * ### .instanceof(constructor)
     *
     * Asserts that the target is an instance of `constructor`.
     *
     *     var Tea = function (name) { this.name = name; }
     *       , Chai = new Tea('chai');
     *
     *     expect(Chai).to.be.an.instanceof(Tea);
     *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.be.instanceof(Array);
     *
     * @name instanceof
     * @param {Constructor} constructor
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @alias instanceOf
     * @api public
     */

    function assertInstanceOf (constructor, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var name = _.getName(constructor);
      this.assert(
          flag(this, 'object') instanceof constructor
        , 'expected #{this} to be an instance of ' + name
        , 'expected #{this} to not be an instance of ' + name
      );
    };

    Assertion.addMethod('instanceof', assertInstanceOf);
    Assertion.addMethod('instanceOf', assertInstanceOf);

    /**
     * ### .property(name, [value])
     *
     * Asserts that the target has a property `name`, optionally asserting that
     * the value of that property is strictly equal to  `value`.
     * If the `deep` flag is set, you can use dot- and bracket-notation for deep
     * references into objects and arrays.
     *
     *     // simple referencing
     *     var obj = { foo: 'bar' };
     *     expect(obj).to.have.property('foo');
     *     expect(obj).to.have.property('foo', 'bar');
     *
     *     // deep referencing
     *     var deepObj = {
     *         green: { tea: 'matcha' }
     *       , teas: [ 'chai', 'matcha', { tea: 'konacha' } ]
     *     };
     *
     *     expect(deepObj).to.have.deep.property('green.tea', 'matcha');
     *     expect(deepObj).to.have.deep.property('teas[1]', 'matcha');
     *     expect(deepObj).to.have.deep.property('teas[2].tea', 'konacha');
     *
     * You can also use an array as the starting point of a `deep.property`
     * assertion, or traverse nested arrays.
     *
     *     var arr = [
     *         [ 'chai', 'matcha', 'konacha' ]
     *       , [ { tea: 'chai' }
     *         , { tea: 'matcha' }
     *         , { tea: 'konacha' } ]
     *     ];
     *
     *     expect(arr).to.have.deep.property('[0][1]', 'matcha');
     *     expect(arr).to.have.deep.property('[1][2].tea', 'konacha');
     *
     * Furthermore, `property` changes the subject of the assertion
     * to be the value of that property from the original object. This
     * permits for further chainable assertions on that property.
     *
     *     expect(obj).to.have.property('foo')
     *       .that.is.a('string');
     *     expect(deepObj).to.have.property('green')
     *       .that.is.an('object')
     *       .that.deep.equals({ tea: 'matcha' });
     *     expect(deepObj).to.have.property('teas')
     *       .that.is.an('array')
     *       .with.deep.property('[2]')
     *         .that.deep.equals({ tea: 'konacha' });
     *
     * Note that dots and bracket in `name` must be backslash-escaped when
     * the `deep` flag is set, while they must NOT be escaped when the `deep`
     * flag is not set.
     *
     *     // simple referencing
     *     var css = { '.link[target]': 42 };
     *     expect(css).to.have.property('.link[target]', 42);
     *
     *     // deep referencing
     *     var deepCss = { '.link': { '[target]': 42 }};
     *     expect(deepCss).to.have.deep.property('\\.link.\\[target\\]', 42);
     *
     * @name property
     * @alias deep.property
     * @param {String} name
     * @param {Mixed} value (optional)
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @returns value of property for chaining
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addMethod('property', function (name, val, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);

      var isDeep = !!flag(this, 'deep')
        , descriptor = isDeep ? 'deep property ' : 'property '
        , negate = flag(this, 'negate')
        , obj = flag(this, 'object')
        , pathInfo = isDeep ? _.getPathInfo(name, obj) : null
        , hasProperty = isDeep
          ? pathInfo.exists
          : _.hasProperty(name, obj)
        , value = isDeep
          ? pathInfo.value
          : obj[name];

      if (negate && undefined !== val) {
        if (undefined === value) {
          msg = (msg != null) ? msg + ': ' : '';
          throw new Error(msg + _.inspect(obj) + ' has no ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name));
        }
      } else {
        this.assert(
            hasProperty
          , 'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name)
          , 'expected #{this} to not have ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name));
      }

      if (undefined !== val) {
        this.assert(
            val === value
          , 'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name) + ' of #{exp}, but got #{act}'
          , 'expected #{this} to not have a ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name) + ' of #{act}'
          , val
          , value
        );
      }

      flag(this, 'object', value);
    });


    /**
     * ### .ownProperty(name)
     *
     * Asserts that the target has an own property `name`.
     *
     *     expect('test').to.have.ownProperty('length');
     *
     * @name ownProperty
     * @alias haveOwnProperty
     * @param {String} name
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    function assertOwnProperty (name, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');
      this.assert(
          obj.hasOwnProperty(name)
        , 'expected #{this} to have own property ' + _.inspect(name)
        , 'expected #{this} to not have own property ' + _.inspect(name)
      );
    }

    Assertion.addMethod('ownProperty', assertOwnProperty);
    Assertion.addMethod('haveOwnProperty', assertOwnProperty);

    /**
     * ### .ownPropertyDescriptor(name[, descriptor[, message]])
     *
     * Asserts that the target has an own property descriptor `name`, that optionally matches `descriptor`.
     *
     *     expect('test').to.have.ownPropertyDescriptor('length');
     *     expect('test').to.have.ownPropertyDescriptor('length', { enumerable: false, configurable: false, writable: false, value: 4 });
     *     expect('test').not.to.have.ownPropertyDescriptor('length', { enumerable: false, configurable: false, writable: false, value: 3 });
     *     expect('test').ownPropertyDescriptor('length').to.have.property('enumerable', false);
     *     expect('test').ownPropertyDescriptor('length').to.have.keys('value');
     *
     * @name ownPropertyDescriptor
     * @alias haveOwnPropertyDescriptor
     * @param {String} name
     * @param {Object} descriptor _optional_
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    function assertOwnPropertyDescriptor (name, descriptor, msg) {
      if (typeof descriptor === 'string') {
        msg = descriptor;
        descriptor = null;
      }
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');
      var actualDescriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Object(obj), name);
      if (actualDescriptor && descriptor) {
        this.assert(
            _.eql(descriptor, actualDescriptor)
          , 'expected the own property descriptor for ' + _.inspect(name) + ' on #{this} to match ' + _.inspect(descriptor) + ', got ' + _.inspect(actualDescriptor)
          , 'expected the own property descriptor for ' + _.inspect(name) + ' on #{this} to not match ' + _.inspect(descriptor)
          , descriptor
          , actualDescriptor
          , true
        );
      } else {
        this.assert(
            actualDescriptor
          , 'expected #{this} to have an own property descriptor for ' + _.inspect(name)
          , 'expected #{this} to not have an own property descriptor for ' + _.inspect(name)
        );
      }
      flag(this, 'object', actualDescriptor);
    }

    Assertion.addMethod('ownPropertyDescriptor', assertOwnPropertyDescriptor);
    Assertion.addMethod('haveOwnPropertyDescriptor', assertOwnPropertyDescriptor);

    /**
     * ### .length(value)
     *
     * Asserts that the target's `length` property has
     * the expected value.
     *
     *     expect([ 1, 2, 3]).to.have.length(3);
     *     expect('foobar').to.have.length(6);
     *
     * Can also be used as a chain precursor to a value
     * comparison for the length property.
     *
     *     expect('foo').to.have.length.above(2);
     *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.above(2);
     *     expect('foo').to.have.length.below(4);
     *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.below(4);
     *     expect('foo').to.have.length.within(2,4);
     *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.within(2,4);
     *
     * @name length
     * @alias lengthOf
     * @param {Number} length
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    function assertLengthChain () {
      flag(this, 'doLength', true);
    }

    function assertLength (n, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');
      new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property('length');
      var len = obj.length;

      this.assert(
          len == n
        , 'expected #{this} to have a length of #{exp} but got #{act}'
        , 'expected #{this} to not have a length of #{act}'
        , n
        , len
      );
    }

    Assertion.addChainableMethod('length', assertLength, assertLengthChain);
    Assertion.addMethod('lengthOf', assertLength);

    /**
     * ### .match(regexp)
     *
     * Asserts that the target matches a regular expression.
     *
     *     expect('foobar').to.match(/^foo/);
     *
     * @name match
     * @param {RegExp} RegularExpression
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addMethod('match', function (re, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');
      this.assert(
          re.exec(obj)
        , 'expected #{this} to match ' + re
        , 'expected #{this} not to match ' + re
      );
    });

    /**
     * ### .string(string)
     *
     * Asserts that the string target contains another string.
     *
     *     expect('foobar').to.have.string('bar');
     *
     * @name string
     * @param {String} string
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addMethod('string', function (str, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');
      new Assertion(obj, msg).is.a('string');

      this.assert(
          ~obj.indexOf(str)
        , 'expected #{this} to contain ' + _.inspect(str)
        , 'expected #{this} to not contain ' + _.inspect(str)
      );
    });


    /**
     * ### .keys(key1, [key2], [...])
     *
     * Asserts that the target contains any or all of the passed-in keys.
     * Use in combination with `any`, `all`, `contains`, or `have` will affect
     * what will pass.
     *
     * When used in conjunction with `any`, at least one key that is passed
     * in must exist in the target object. This is regardless whether or not
     * the `have` or `contain` qualifiers are used. Note, either `any` or `all`
     * should be used in the assertion. If neither are used, the assertion is
     * defaulted to `all`.
     *
     * When both `all` and `contain` are used, the target object must have at
     * least all of the passed-in keys but may have more keys not listed.
     *
     * When both `all` and `have` are used, the target object must both contain
     * all of the passed-in keys AND the number of keys in the target object must
     * match the number of keys passed in (in other words, a target object must
     * have all and only all of the passed-in keys).
     *
     *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2 }).to.have.any.keys('foo', 'baz');
     *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2 }).to.have.any.keys('foo');
     *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2 }).to.contain.any.keys('bar', 'baz');
     *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2 }).to.contain.any.keys(['foo']);
     *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2 }).to.contain.any.keys({'foo': 6});
     *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2 }).to.have.all.keys(['bar', 'foo']);
     *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2 }).to.have.all.keys({'bar': 6, 'foo': 7});
     *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2, baz: 3 }).to.contain.all.keys(['bar', 'foo']);
     *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2, baz: 3 }).to.contain.all.keys([{'bar': 6}}]);
     *
     *
     * @name keys
     * @alias key
     * @param {String...|Array|Object} keys
     * @api public
     */

    function assertKeys (keys) {
      var obj = flag(this, 'object')
        , str
        , ok = true
        , mixedArgsMsg = 'keys must be given single argument of Array|Object|String, or multiple String arguments';

      switch (_.type(keys)) {
        case "array":
          if (arguments.length > 1) throw (new Error(mixedArgsMsg));
          break;
        case "object":
          if (arguments.length > 1) throw (new Error(mixedArgsMsg));
          keys = Object.keys(keys);
          break;
        default:
          keys = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
      }

      if (!keys.length) throw new Error('keys required');

      var actual = Object.keys(obj)
        , expected = keys
        , len = keys.length
        , any = flag(this, 'any')
        , all = flag(this, 'all');

      if (!any && !all) {
        all = true;
      }

      // Has any
      if (any) {
        var intersection = expected.filter(function(key) {
          return ~actual.indexOf(key);
        });
        ok = intersection.length > 0;
      }

      // Has all
      if (all) {
        ok = keys.every(function(key){
          return ~actual.indexOf(key);
        });
        if (!flag(this, 'negate') && !flag(this, 'contains')) {
          ok = ok && keys.length == actual.length;
        }
      }

      // Key string
      if (len > 1) {
        keys = keys.map(function(key){
          return _.inspect(key);
        });
        var last = keys.pop();
        if (all) {
          str = keys.join(', ') + ', and ' + last;
        }
        if (any) {
          str = keys.join(', ') + ', or ' + last;
        }
      } else {
        str = _.inspect(keys[0]);
      }

      // Form
      str = (len > 1 ? 'keys ' : 'key ') + str;

      // Have / include
      str = (flag(this, 'contains') ? 'contain ' : 'have ') + str;

      // Assertion
      this.assert(
          ok
        , 'expected #{this} to ' + str
        , 'expected #{this} to not ' + str
        , expected.slice(0).sort()
        , actual.sort()
        , true
      );
    }

    Assertion.addMethod('keys', assertKeys);
    Assertion.addMethod('key', assertKeys);

    /**
     * ### .throw(constructor)
     *
     * Asserts that the function target will throw a specific error, or specific type of error
     * (as determined using `instanceof`), optionally with a RegExp or string inclusion test
     * for the error's message.
     *
     *     var err = new ReferenceError('This is a bad function.');
     *     var fn = function () { throw err; }
     *     expect(fn).to.throw(ReferenceError);
     *     expect(fn).to.throw(Error);
     *     expect(fn).to.throw(/bad function/);
     *     expect(fn).to.not.throw('good function');
     *     expect(fn).to.throw(ReferenceError, /bad function/);
     *     expect(fn).to.throw(err);
     *     expect(fn).to.not.throw(new RangeError('Out of range.'));
     *
     * Please note that when a throw expectation is negated, it will check each
     * parameter independently, starting with error constructor type. The appropriate way
     * to check for the existence of a type of error but for a message that does not match
     * is to use `and`.
     *
     *     expect(fn).to.throw(ReferenceError)
     *        .and.not.throw(/good function/);
     *
     * @name throw
     * @alias throws
     * @alias Throw
     * @param {ErrorConstructor} constructor
     * @param {String|RegExp} expected error message
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error#Error_types
     * @returns error for chaining (null if no error)
     * @api public
     */

    function assertThrows (constructor, errMsg, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');
      new Assertion(obj, msg).is.a('function');

      var thrown = false
        , desiredError = null
        , name = null
        , thrownError = null;

      if (arguments.length === 0) {
        errMsg = null;
        constructor = null;
      } else if (constructor && (constructor instanceof RegExp || 'string' === typeof constructor)) {
        errMsg = constructor;
        constructor = null;
      } else if (constructor && constructor instanceof Error) {
        desiredError = constructor;
        constructor = null;
        errMsg = null;
      } else if (typeof constructor === 'function') {
        name = constructor.prototype.name || constructor.name;
        if (name === 'Error' && constructor !== Error) {
          name = (new constructor()).name;
        }
      } else {
        constructor = null;
      }

      try {
        obj();
      } catch (err) {
        // first, check desired error
        if (desiredError) {
          this.assert(
              err === desiredError
            , 'expected #{this} to throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown'
            , 'expected #{this} to not throw #{exp}'
            , (desiredError instanceof Error ? desiredError.toString() : desiredError)
            , (err instanceof Error ? err.toString() : err)
          );

          flag(this, 'object', err);
          return this;
        }

        // next, check constructor
        if (constructor) {
          this.assert(
              err instanceof constructor
            , 'expected #{this} to throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown'
            , 'expected #{this} to not throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown'
            , name
            , (err instanceof Error ? err.toString() : err)
          );

          if (!errMsg) {
            flag(this, 'object', err);
            return this;
          }
        }

        // next, check message
        var message = 'object' === _.type(err) && "message" in err
          ? err.message
          : '' + err;

        if ((message != null) && errMsg && errMsg instanceof RegExp) {
          this.assert(
              errMsg.exec(message)
            , 'expected #{this} to throw error matching #{exp} but got #{act}'
            , 'expected #{this} to throw error not matching #{exp}'
            , errMsg
            , message
          );

          flag(this, 'object', err);
          return this;
        } else if ((message != null) && errMsg && 'string' === typeof errMsg) {
          this.assert(
              ~message.indexOf(errMsg)
            , 'expected #{this} to throw error including #{exp} but got #{act}'
            , 'expected #{this} to throw error not including #{act}'
            , errMsg
            , message
          );

          flag(this, 'object', err);
          return this;
        } else {
          thrown = true;
          thrownError = err;
        }
      }

      var actuallyGot = ''
        , expectedThrown = name !== null
          ? name
          : desiredError
            ? '#{exp}' //_.inspect(desiredError)
            : 'an error';

      if (thrown) {
        actuallyGot = ' but #{act} was thrown'
      }

      this.assert(
          thrown === true
        , 'expected #{this} to throw ' + expectedThrown + actuallyGot
        , 'expected #{this} to not throw ' + expectedThrown + actuallyGot
        , (desiredError instanceof Error ? desiredError.toString() : desiredError)
        , (thrownError instanceof Error ? thrownError.toString() : thrownError)
      );

      flag(this, 'object', thrownError);
    };

    Assertion.addMethod('throw', assertThrows);
    Assertion.addMethod('throws', assertThrows);
    Assertion.addMethod('Throw', assertThrows);

    /**
     * ### .respondTo(method)
     *
     * Asserts that the object or class target will respond to a method.
     *
     *     Klass.prototype.bar = function(){};
     *     expect(Klass).to.respondTo('bar');
     *     expect(obj).to.respondTo('bar');
     *
     * To check if a constructor will respond to a static function,
     * set the `itself` flag.
     *
     *     Klass.baz = function(){};
     *     expect(Klass).itself.to.respondTo('baz');
     *
     * @name respondTo
     * @param {String} method
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addMethod('respondTo', function (method, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object')
        , itself = flag(this, 'itself')
        , context = ('function' === _.type(obj) && !itself)
          ? obj.prototype[method]
          : obj[method];

      this.assert(
          'function' === typeof context
        , 'expected #{this} to respond to ' + _.inspect(method)
        , 'expected #{this} to not respond to ' + _.inspect(method)
      );
    });

    /**
     * ### .itself
     *
     * Sets the `itself` flag, later used by the `respondTo` assertion.
     *
     *     function Foo() {}
     *     Foo.bar = function() {}
     *     Foo.prototype.baz = function() {}
     *
     *     expect(Foo).itself.to.respondTo('bar');
     *     expect(Foo).itself.not.to.respondTo('baz');
     *
     * @name itself
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addProperty('itself', function () {
      flag(this, 'itself', true);
    });

    /**
     * ### .satisfy(method)
     *
     * Asserts that the target passes a given truth test.
     *
     *     expect(1).to.satisfy(function(num) { return num > 0; });
     *
     * @name satisfy
     * @param {Function} matcher
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addMethod('satisfy', function (matcher, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');
      var result = matcher(obj);
      this.assert(
          result
        , 'expected #{this} to satisfy ' + _.objDisplay(matcher)
        , 'expected #{this} to not satisfy' + _.objDisplay(matcher)
        , this.negate ? false : true
        , result
      );
    });

    /**
     * ### .closeTo(expected, delta)
     *
     * Asserts that the target is equal `expected`, to within a +/- `delta` range.
     *
     *     expect(1.5).to.be.closeTo(1, 0.5);
     *
     * @name closeTo
     * @param {Number} expected
     * @param {Number} delta
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addMethod('closeTo', function (expected, delta, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');

      new Assertion(obj, msg).is.a('number');
      if (_.type(expected) !== 'number' || _.type(delta) !== 'number') {
        throw new Error('the arguments to closeTo must be numbers');
      }

      this.assert(
          Math.abs(obj - expected) <= delta
        , 'expected #{this} to be close to ' + expected + ' +/- ' + delta
        , 'expected #{this} not to be close to ' + expected + ' +/- ' + delta
      );
    });

    function isSubsetOf(subset, superset, cmp) {
      return subset.every(function(elem) {
        if (!cmp) return superset.indexOf(elem) !== -1;

        return superset.some(function(elem2) {
          return cmp(elem, elem2);
        });
      })
    }

    /**
     * ### .members(set)
     *
     * Asserts that the target is a superset of `set`,
     * or that the target and `set` have the same strictly-equal (===) members.
     * Alternately, if the `deep` flag is set, set members are compared for deep
     * equality.
     *
     *     expect([1, 2, 3]).to.include.members([3, 2]);
     *     expect([1, 2, 3]).to.not.include.members([3, 2, 8]);
     *
     *     expect([4, 2]).to.have.members([2, 4]);
     *     expect([5, 2]).to.not.have.members([5, 2, 1]);
     *
     *     expect([{ id: 1 }]).to.deep.include.members([{ id: 1 }]);
     *
     * @name members
     * @param {Array} set
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    Assertion.addMethod('members', function (subset, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var obj = flag(this, 'object');

      new Assertion(obj).to.be.an('array');
      new Assertion(subset).to.be.an('array');

      var cmp = flag(this, 'deep') ? _.eql : undefined;

      if (flag(this, 'contains')) {
        return this.assert(
            isSubsetOf(subset, obj, cmp)
          , 'expected #{this} to be a superset of #{act}'
          , 'expected #{this} to not be a superset of #{act}'
          , obj
          , subset
        );
      }

      this.assert(
          isSubsetOf(obj, subset, cmp) && isSubsetOf(subset, obj, cmp)
          , 'expected #{this} to have the same members as #{act}'
          , 'expected #{this} to not have the same members as #{act}'
          , obj
          , subset
      );
    });

    /**
     * ### .change(function)
     *
     * Asserts that a function changes an object property
     *
     *     var obj = { val: 10 };
     *     var fn = function() { obj.val += 3 };
     *     var noChangeFn = function() { return 'foo' + 'bar'; }
     *     expect(fn).to.change(obj, 'val');
     *     expect(noChangFn).to.not.change(obj, 'val')
     *
     * @name change
     * @alias changes
     * @alias Change
     * @param {String} object
     * @param {String} property name
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    function assertChanges (object, prop, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var fn = flag(this, 'object');
      new Assertion(object, msg).to.have.property(prop);
      new Assertion(fn).is.a('function');

      var initial = object[prop];
      fn();

      this.assert(
        initial !== object[prop]
        , 'expected .' + prop + ' to change'
        , 'expected .' + prop + ' to not change'
      );
    }

    Assertion.addChainableMethod('change', assertChanges);
    Assertion.addChainableMethod('changes', assertChanges);

    /**
     * ### .increase(function)
     *
     * Asserts that a function increases an object property
     *
     *     var obj = { val: 10 };
     *     var fn = function() { obj.val = 15 };
     *     expect(fn).to.increase(obj, 'val');
     *
     * @name increase
     * @alias increases
     * @alias Increase
     * @param {String} object
     * @param {String} property name
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    function assertIncreases (object, prop, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var fn = flag(this, 'object');
      new Assertion(object, msg).to.have.property(prop);
      new Assertion(fn).is.a('function');

      var initial = object[prop];
      fn();

      this.assert(
        object[prop] - initial > 0
        , 'expected .' + prop + ' to increase'
        , 'expected .' + prop + ' to not increase'
      );
    }

    Assertion.addChainableMethod('increase', assertIncreases);
    Assertion.addChainableMethod('increases', assertIncreases);

    /**
     * ### .decrease(function)
     *
     * Asserts that a function decreases an object property
     *
     *     var obj = { val: 10 };
     *     var fn = function() { obj.val = 5 };
     *     expect(fn).to.decrease(obj, 'val');
     *
     * @name decrease
     * @alias decreases
     * @alias Decrease
     * @param {String} object
     * @param {String} property name
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    function assertDecreases (object, prop, msg) {
      if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
      var fn = flag(this, 'object');
      new Assertion(object, msg).to.have.property(prop);
      new Assertion(fn).is.a('function');

      var initial = object[prop];
      fn();

      this.assert(
        object[prop] - initial < 0
        , 'expected .' + prop + ' to decrease'
        , 'expected .' + prop + ' to not decrease'
      );
    }

    Assertion.addChainableMethod('decrease', assertDecreases);
    Assertion.addChainableMethod('decreases', assertDecreases);

  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/interface/assert.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * chai
   * Copyright(c) 2011-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */


  module.exports = function (chai, util) {

    /*!
     * Chai dependencies.
     */

    var Assertion = chai.Assertion
      , flag = util.flag;

    /*!
     * Module export.
     */

    /**
     * ### assert(expression, message)
     *
     * Write your own test expressions.
     *
     *     assert('foo' !== 'bar', 'foo is not bar');
     *     assert(Array.isArray([]), 'empty arrays are arrays');
     *
     * @param {Mixed} expression to test for truthiness
     * @param {String} message to display on error
     * @name assert
     * @api public
     */

    var assert = chai.assert = function (express, errmsg) {
      var test = new Assertion(null, null, chai.assert);
      test.assert(
          express
        , errmsg
        , '[ negation message unavailable ]'
      );
    };

    /**
     * ### .fail(actual, expected, [message], [operator])
     *
     * Throw a failure. Node.js `assert` module-compatible.
     *
     * @name fail
     * @param {Mixed} actual
     * @param {Mixed} expected
     * @param {String} message
     * @param {String} operator
     * @api public
     */

    assert.fail = function (actual, expected, message, operator) {
      message = message || 'assert.fail()';
      throw new chai.AssertionError(message, {
          actual: actual
        , expected: expected
        , operator: operator
      }, assert.fail);
    };

    /**
     * ### .ok(object, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `object` is truthy.
     *
     *     assert.ok('everything', 'everything is ok');
     *     assert.ok(false, 'this will fail');
     *
     * @name ok
     * @param {Mixed} object to test
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.ok = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).is.ok;
    };

    /**
     * ### .notOk(object, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `object` is falsy.
     *
     *     assert.notOk('everything', 'this will fail');
     *     assert.notOk(false, 'this will pass');
     *
     * @name notOk
     * @param {Mixed} object to test
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.notOk = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).is.not.ok;
    };

    /**
     * ### .equal(actual, expected, [message])
     *
     * Asserts non-strict equality (`==`) of `actual` and `expected`.
     *
     *     assert.equal(3, '3', '== coerces values to strings');
     *
     * @name equal
     * @param {Mixed} actual
     * @param {Mixed} expected
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.equal = function (act, exp, msg) {
      var test = new Assertion(act, msg, assert.equal);

      test.assert(
          exp == flag(test, 'object')
        , 'expected #{this} to equal #{exp}'
        , 'expected #{this} to not equal #{act}'
        , exp
        , act
      );
    };

    /**
     * ### .notEqual(actual, expected, [message])
     *
     * Asserts non-strict inequality (`!=`) of `actual` and `expected`.
     *
     *     assert.notEqual(3, 4, 'these numbers are not equal');
     *
     * @name notEqual
     * @param {Mixed} actual
     * @param {Mixed} expected
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.notEqual = function (act, exp, msg) {
      var test = new Assertion(act, msg, assert.notEqual);

      test.assert(
          exp != flag(test, 'object')
        , 'expected #{this} to not equal #{exp}'
        , 'expected #{this} to equal #{act}'
        , exp
        , act
      );
    };

    /**
     * ### .strictEqual(actual, expected, [message])
     *
     * Asserts strict equality (`===`) of `actual` and `expected`.
     *
     *     assert.strictEqual(true, true, 'these booleans are strictly equal');
     *
     * @name strictEqual
     * @param {Mixed} actual
     * @param {Mixed} expected
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.strictEqual = function (act, exp, msg) {
      new Assertion(act, msg).to.equal(exp);
    };

    /**
     * ### .notStrictEqual(actual, expected, [message])
     *
     * Asserts strict inequality (`!==`) of `actual` and `expected`.
     *
     *     assert.notStrictEqual(3, '3', 'no coercion for strict equality');
     *
     * @name notStrictEqual
     * @param {Mixed} actual
     * @param {Mixed} expected
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.notStrictEqual = function (act, exp, msg) {
      new Assertion(act, msg).to.not.equal(exp);
    };

    /**
     * ### .deepEqual(actual, expected, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `actual` is deeply equal to `expected`.
     *
     *     assert.deepEqual({ tea: 'green' }, { tea: 'green' });
     *
     * @name deepEqual
     * @param {Mixed} actual
     * @param {Mixed} expected
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.deepEqual = function (act, exp, msg) {
      new Assertion(act, msg).to.eql(exp);
    };

    /**
     * ### .notDeepEqual(actual, expected, [message])
     *
     * Assert that `actual` is not deeply equal to `expected`.
     *
     *     assert.notDeepEqual({ tea: 'green' }, { tea: 'jasmine' });
     *
     * @name notDeepEqual
     * @param {Mixed} actual
     * @param {Mixed} expected
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.notDeepEqual = function (act, exp, msg) {
      new Assertion(act, msg).to.not.eql(exp);
    };

    /**
     * ### .isTrue(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is true.
     *
     *     var teaServed = true;
     *     assert.isTrue(teaServed, 'the tea has been served');
     *
     * @name isTrue
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isAbove = function (val, abv, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.above(abv);
    };

     /**
     * ### .isAbove(valueToCheck, valueToBeAbove, [message])
     *
     * Asserts `valueToCheck` is strictly greater than (>) `valueToBeAbove`
     *
     *     assert.isAbove(5, 2, '5 is strictly greater than 2');
     *
     * @name isAbove
     * @param {Mixed} valueToCheck
     * @param {Mixed} valueToBeAbove
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isBelow = function (val, blw, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.below(blw);
    };

     /**
     * ### .isBelow(valueToCheck, valueToBeBelow, [message])
     *
     * Asserts `valueToCheck` is strictly less than (<) `valueToBeBelow`
     *
     *     assert.isBelow(3, 6, '3 is strictly less than 6');
     *
     * @name isBelow
     * @param {Mixed} valueToCheck
     * @param {Mixed} valueToBeBelow
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isTrue = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).is['true'];
    };

    /**
     * ### .isFalse(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is false.
     *
     *     var teaServed = false;
     *     assert.isFalse(teaServed, 'no tea yet? hmm...');
     *
     * @name isFalse
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isFalse = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).is['false'];
    };

    /**
     * ### .isNull(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is null.
     *
     *     assert.isNull(err, 'there was no error');
     *
     * @name isNull
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isNull = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.equal(null);
    };

    /**
     * ### .isNotNull(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is not null.
     *
     *     var tea = 'tasty chai';
     *     assert.isNotNull(tea, 'great, time for tea!');
     *
     * @name isNotNull
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isNotNull = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.equal(null);
    };

    /**
     * ### .isUndefined(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is `undefined`.
     *
     *     var tea;
     *     assert.isUndefined(tea, 'no tea defined');
     *
     * @name isUndefined
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isUndefined = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.equal(undefined);
    };

    /**
     * ### .isDefined(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is not `undefined`.
     *
     *     var tea = 'cup of chai';
     *     assert.isDefined(tea, 'tea has been defined');
     *
     * @name isDefined
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isDefined = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.equal(undefined);
    };

    /**
     * ### .isFunction(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is a function.
     *
     *     function serveTea() { return 'cup of tea'; };
     *     assert.isFunction(serveTea, 'great, we can have tea now');
     *
     * @name isFunction
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isFunction = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.a('function');
    };

    /**
     * ### .isNotFunction(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is _not_ a function.
     *
     *     var serveTea = [ 'heat', 'pour', 'sip' ];
     *     assert.isNotFunction(serveTea, 'great, we have listed the steps');
     *
     * @name isNotFunction
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isNotFunction = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.a('function');
    };

    /**
     * ### .isObject(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is an object (as revealed by
     * `Object.prototype.toString`).
     *
     *     var selection = { name: 'Chai', serve: 'with spices' };
     *     assert.isObject(selection, 'tea selection is an object');
     *
     * @name isObject
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isObject = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.a('object');
    };

    /**
     * ### .isNotObject(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is _not_ an object.
     *
     *     var selection = 'chai'
     *     assert.isNotObject(selection, 'tea selection is not an object');
     *     assert.isNotObject(null, 'null is not an object');
     *
     * @name isNotObject
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isNotObject = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.a('object');
    };

    /**
     * ### .isArray(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is an array.
     *
     *     var menu = [ 'green', 'chai', 'oolong' ];
     *     assert.isArray(menu, 'what kind of tea do we want?');
     *
     * @name isArray
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isArray = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.an('array');
    };

    /**
     * ### .isNotArray(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is _not_ an array.
     *
     *     var menu = 'green|chai|oolong';
     *     assert.isNotArray(menu, 'what kind of tea do we want?');
     *
     * @name isNotArray
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isNotArray = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.an('array');
    };

    /**
     * ### .isString(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is a string.
     *
     *     var teaOrder = 'chai';
     *     assert.isString(teaOrder, 'order placed');
     *
     * @name isString
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isString = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.a('string');
    };

    /**
     * ### .isNotString(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is _not_ a string.
     *
     *     var teaOrder = 4;
     *     assert.isNotString(teaOrder, 'order placed');
     *
     * @name isNotString
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isNotString = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.a('string');
    };

    /**
     * ### .isNumber(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is a number.
     *
     *     var cups = 2;
     *     assert.isNumber(cups, 'how many cups');
     *
     * @name isNumber
     * @param {Number} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isNumber = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.a('number');
    };

    /**
     * ### .isNotNumber(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is _not_ a number.
     *
     *     var cups = '2 cups please';
     *     assert.isNotNumber(cups, 'how many cups');
     *
     * @name isNotNumber
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isNotNumber = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.a('number');
    };

    /**
     * ### .isBoolean(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is a boolean.
     *
     *     var teaReady = true
     *       , teaServed = false;
     *
     *     assert.isBoolean(teaReady, 'is the tea ready');
     *     assert.isBoolean(teaServed, 'has tea been served');
     *
     * @name isBoolean
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isBoolean = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.a('boolean');
    };

    /**
     * ### .isNotBoolean(value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is _not_ a boolean.
     *
     *     var teaReady = 'yep'
     *       , teaServed = 'nope';
     *
     *     assert.isNotBoolean(teaReady, 'is the tea ready');
     *     assert.isNotBoolean(teaServed, 'has tea been served');
     *
     * @name isNotBoolean
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.isNotBoolean = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.a('boolean');
    };

    /**
     * ### .typeOf(value, name, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value`'s type is `name`, as determined by
     * `Object.prototype.toString`.
     *
     *     assert.typeOf({ tea: 'chai' }, 'object', 'we have an object');
     *     assert.typeOf(['chai', 'jasmine'], 'array', 'we have an array');
     *     assert.typeOf('tea', 'string', 'we have a string');
     *     assert.typeOf(/tea/, 'regexp', 'we have a regular expression');
     *     assert.typeOf(null, 'null', 'we have a null');
     *     assert.typeOf(undefined, 'undefined', 'we have an undefined');
     *
     * @name typeOf
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} name
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.typeOf = function (val, type, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.a(type);
    };

    /**
     * ### .notTypeOf(value, name, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value`'s type is _not_ `name`, as determined by
     * `Object.prototype.toString`.
     *
     *     assert.notTypeOf('tea', 'number', 'strings are not numbers');
     *
     * @name notTypeOf
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} typeof name
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.notTypeOf = function (val, type, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.a(type);
    };

    /**
     * ### .instanceOf(object, constructor, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` is an instance of `constructor`.
     *
     *     var Tea = function (name) { this.name = name; }
     *       , chai = new Tea('chai');
     *
     *     assert.instanceOf(chai, Tea, 'chai is an instance of tea');
     *
     * @name instanceOf
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {Constructor} constructor
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.instanceOf = function (val, type, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.instanceOf(type);
    };

    /**
     * ### .notInstanceOf(object, constructor, [message])
     *
     * Asserts `value` is not an instance of `constructor`.
     *
     *     var Tea = function (name) { this.name = name; }
     *       , chai = new String('chai');
     *
     *     assert.notInstanceOf(chai, Tea, 'chai is not an instance of tea');
     *
     * @name notInstanceOf
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {Constructor} constructor
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.notInstanceOf = function (val, type, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.instanceOf(type);
    };

    /**
     * ### .include(haystack, needle, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `haystack` includes `needle`. Works
     * for strings and arrays.
     *
     *     assert.include('foobar', 'bar', 'foobar contains string "bar"');
     *     assert.include([ 1, 2, 3 ], 3, 'array contains value');
     *
     * @name include
     * @param {Array|String} haystack
     * @param {Mixed} needle
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.include = function (exp, inc, msg) {
      new Assertion(exp, msg, assert.include).include(inc);
    };

    /**
     * ### .notInclude(haystack, needle, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `haystack` does not include `needle`. Works
     * for strings and arrays.
     *i
     *     assert.notInclude('foobar', 'baz', 'string not include substring');
     *     assert.notInclude([ 1, 2, 3 ], 4, 'array not include contain value');
     *
     * @name notInclude
     * @param {Array|String} haystack
     * @param {Mixed} needle
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.notInclude = function (exp, inc, msg) {
      new Assertion(exp, msg, assert.notInclude).not.include(inc);
    };

    /**
     * ### .match(value, regexp, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` matches the regular expression `regexp`.
     *
     *     assert.match('foobar', /^foo/, 'regexp matches');
     *
     * @name match
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {RegExp} regexp
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.match = function (exp, re, msg) {
      new Assertion(exp, msg).to.match(re);
    };

    /**
     * ### .notMatch(value, regexp, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `value` does not match the regular expression `regexp`.
     *
     *     assert.notMatch('foobar', /^foo/, 'regexp does not match');
     *
     * @name notMatch
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {RegExp} regexp
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.notMatch = function (exp, re, msg) {
      new Assertion(exp, msg).to.not.match(re);
    };

    /**
     * ### .property(object, property, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `object` has a property named by `property`.
     *
     *     assert.property({ tea: { green: 'matcha' }}, 'tea');
     *
     * @name property
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {String} property
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.property = function (obj, prop, msg) {
      new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property(prop);
    };

    /**
     * ### .notProperty(object, property, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `object` does _not_ have a property named by `property`.
     *
     *     assert.notProperty({ tea: { green: 'matcha' }}, 'coffee');
     *
     * @name notProperty
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {String} property
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.notProperty = function (obj, prop, msg) {
      new Assertion(obj, msg).to.not.have.property(prop);
    };

    /**
     * ### .deepProperty(object, property, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `object` has a property named by `property`, which can be a
     * string using dot- and bracket-notation for deep reference.
     *
     *     assert.deepProperty({ tea: { green: 'matcha' }}, 'tea.green');
     *
     * @name deepProperty
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {String} property
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.deepProperty = function (obj, prop, msg) {
      new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.deep.property(prop);
    };

    /**
     * ### .notDeepProperty(object, property, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `object` does _not_ have a property named by `property`, which
     * can be a string using dot- and bracket-notation for deep reference.
     *
     *     assert.notDeepProperty({ tea: { green: 'matcha' }}, 'tea.oolong');
     *
     * @name notDeepProperty
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {String} property
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.notDeepProperty = function (obj, prop, msg) {
      new Assertion(obj, msg).to.not.have.deep.property(prop);
    };

    /**
     * ### .propertyVal(object, property, value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `object` has a property named by `property` with value given
     * by `value`.
     *
     *     assert.propertyVal({ tea: 'is good' }, 'tea', 'is good');
     *
     * @name propertyVal
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {String} property
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.propertyVal = function (obj, prop, val, msg) {
      new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property(prop, val);
    };

    /**
     * ### .propertyNotVal(object, property, value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `object` has a property named by `property`, but with a value
     * different from that given by `value`.
     *
     *     assert.propertyNotVal({ tea: 'is good' }, 'tea', 'is bad');
     *
     * @name propertyNotVal
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {String} property
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.propertyNotVal = function (obj, prop, val, msg) {
      new Assertion(obj, msg).to.not.have.property(prop, val);
    };

    /**
     * ### .deepPropertyVal(object, property, value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `object` has a property named by `property` with value given
     * by `value`. `property` can use dot- and bracket-notation for deep
     * reference.
     *
     *     assert.deepPropertyVal({ tea: { green: 'matcha' }}, 'tea.green', 'matcha');
     *
     * @name deepPropertyVal
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {String} property
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.deepPropertyVal = function (obj, prop, val, msg) {
      new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.deep.property(prop, val);
    };

    /**
     * ### .deepPropertyNotVal(object, property, value, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `object` has a property named by `property`, but with a value
     * different from that given by `value`. `property` can use dot- and
     * bracket-notation for deep reference.
     *
     *     assert.deepPropertyNotVal({ tea: { green: 'matcha' }}, 'tea.green', 'konacha');
     *
     * @name deepPropertyNotVal
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {String} property
     * @param {Mixed} value
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.deepPropertyNotVal = function (obj, prop, val, msg) {
      new Assertion(obj, msg).to.not.have.deep.property(prop, val);
    };

    /**
     * ### .lengthOf(object, length, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `object` has a `length` property with the expected value.
     *
     *     assert.lengthOf([1,2,3], 3, 'array has length of 3');
     *     assert.lengthOf('foobar', 5, 'string has length of 6');
     *
     * @name lengthOf
     * @param {Mixed} object
     * @param {Number} length
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.lengthOf = function (exp, len, msg) {
      new Assertion(exp, msg).to.have.length(len);
    };

    /**
     * ### .throws(function, [constructor/string/regexp], [string/regexp], [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `function` will throw an error that is an instance of
     * `constructor`, or alternately that it will throw an error with message
     * matching `regexp`.
     *
     *     assert.throw(fn, 'function throws a reference error');
     *     assert.throw(fn, /function throws a reference error/);
     *     assert.throw(fn, ReferenceError);
     *     assert.throw(fn, ReferenceError, 'function throws a reference error');
     *     assert.throw(fn, ReferenceError, /function throws a reference error/);
     *
     * @name throws
     * @alias throw
     * @alias Throw
     * @param {Function} function
     * @param {ErrorConstructor} constructor
     * @param {RegExp} regexp
     * @param {String} message
     * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error#Error_types
     * @api public
     */

    assert.Throw = function (fn, errt, errs, msg) {
      if ('string' === typeof errt || errt instanceof RegExp) {
        errs = errt;
        errt = null;
      }

      var assertErr = new Assertion(fn, msg).to.Throw(errt, errs);
      return flag(assertErr, 'object');
    };

    /**
     * ### .doesNotThrow(function, [constructor/regexp], [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `function` will _not_ throw an error that is an instance of
     * `constructor`, or alternately that it will not throw an error with message
     * matching `regexp`.
     *
     *     assert.doesNotThrow(fn, Error, 'function does not throw');
     *
     * @name doesNotThrow
     * @param {Function} function
     * @param {ErrorConstructor} constructor
     * @param {RegExp} regexp
     * @param {String} message
     * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error#Error_types
     * @api public
     */

    assert.doesNotThrow = function (fn, type, msg) {
      if ('string' === typeof type) {
        msg = type;
        type = null;
      }

      new Assertion(fn, msg).to.not.Throw(type);
    };

    /**
     * ### .operator(val1, operator, val2, [message])
     *
     * Compares two values using `operator`.
     *
     *     assert.operator(1, '<', 2, 'everything is ok');
     *     assert.operator(1, '>', 2, 'this will fail');
     *
     * @name operator
     * @param {Mixed} val1
     * @param {String} operator
     * @param {Mixed} val2
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.operator = function (val, operator, val2, msg) {
      var ok;
      switch(operator) {
        case '==':
          ok = val == val2;
          break;
        case '===':
          ok = val === val2;
          break;
        case '>':
          ok = val > val2;
          break;
        case '>=':
          ok = val >= val2;
          break;
        case '<':
          ok = val < val2;
          break;
        case '<=':
          ok = val <= val2;
          break;
        case '!=':
          ok = val != val2;
          break;
        case '!==':
          ok = val !== val2;
          break;
        default:
          throw new Error('Invalid operator "' + operator + '"');
      }
      var test = new Assertion(ok, msg);
      test.assert(
          true === flag(test, 'object')
        , 'expected ' + util.inspect(val) + ' to be ' + operator + ' ' + util.inspect(val2)
        , 'expected ' + util.inspect(val) + ' to not be ' + operator + ' ' + util.inspect(val2) );
    };

    /**
     * ### .closeTo(actual, expected, delta, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that the target is equal `expected`, to within a +/- `delta` range.
     *
     *     assert.closeTo(1.5, 1, 0.5, 'numbers are close');
     *
     * @name closeTo
     * @param {Number} actual
     * @param {Number} expected
     * @param {Number} delta
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.closeTo = function (act, exp, delta, msg) {
      new Assertion(act, msg).to.be.closeTo(exp, delta);
    };

    /**
     * ### .sameMembers(set1, set2, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `set1` and `set2` have the same members.
     * Order is not taken into account.
     *
     *     assert.sameMembers([ 1, 2, 3 ], [ 2, 1, 3 ], 'same members');
     *
     * @name sameMembers
     * @param {Array} set1
     * @param {Array} set2
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.sameMembers = function (set1, set2, msg) {
      new Assertion(set1, msg).to.have.same.members(set2);
    }

    /**
     * ### .sameDeepMembers(set1, set2, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `set1` and `set2` have the same members - using a deep equality checking.
     * Order is not taken into account.
     *
     *     assert.sameDeepMembers([ {b: 3}, {a: 2}, {c: 5} ], [ {c: 5}, {b: 3}, {a: 2} ], 'same deep members');
     *
     * @name sameDeepMembers
     * @param {Array} set1
     * @param {Array} set2
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.sameDeepMembers = function (set1, set2, msg) {
      new Assertion(set1, msg).to.have.same.deep.members(set2);
    }

    /**
     * ### .includeMembers(superset, subset, [message])
     *
     * Asserts that `subset` is included in `superset`.
     * Order is not taken into account.
     *
     *     assert.includeMembers([ 1, 2, 3 ], [ 2, 1 ], 'include members');
     *
     * @name includeMembers
     * @param {Array} superset
     * @param {Array} subset
     * @param {String} message
     * @api public
     */

    assert.includeMembers = function (superset, subset, msg) {
      new Assertion(superset, msg).to.include.members(subset);
    }

     /**
     * ### .changes(function, object, property)
     *
     * Asserts that a function changes the value of a property
     *
     *     var obj = { val: 10 };
     *     var fn = function() { obj.val = 22 };
     *     assert.changes(fn, obj, 'val');
     *
     * @name changes
     * @param {Function} modifier function
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {String} property name
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    assert.changes = function (fn, obj, prop) {
      new Assertion(fn).to.change(obj, prop);
    }

     /**
     * ### .doesNotChange(function, object, property)
     *
     * Asserts that a function does not changes the value of a property
     *
     *     var obj = { val: 10 };
     *     var fn = function() { console.log('foo'); };
     *     assert.doesNotChange(fn, obj, 'val');
     *
     * @name doesNotChange
     * @param {Function} modifier function
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {String} property name
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    assert.doesNotChange = function (fn, obj, prop) {
      new Assertion(fn).to.not.change(obj, prop);
    }

     /**
     * ### .increases(function, object, property)
     *
     * Asserts that a function increases an object property
     *
     *     var obj = { val: 10 };
     *     var fn = function() { obj.val = 13 };
     *     assert.increases(fn, obj, 'val');
     *
     * @name increases
     * @param {Function} modifier function
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {String} property name
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    assert.increases = function (fn, obj, prop) {
      new Assertion(fn).to.increase(obj, prop);
    }

     /**
     * ### .doesNotIncrease(function, object, property)
     *
     * Asserts that a function does not increase object property
     *
     *     var obj = { val: 10 };
     *     var fn = function() { obj.val = 8 };
     *     assert.doesNotIncrease(fn, obj, 'val');
     *
     * @name doesNotIncrease
     * @param {Function} modifier function
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {String} property name
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    assert.doesNotIncrease = function (fn, obj, prop) {
      new Assertion(fn).to.not.increase(obj, prop);
    }

     /**
     * ### .decreases(function, object, property)
     *
     * Asserts that a function decreases an object property
     *
     *     var obj = { val: 10 };
     *     var fn = function() { obj.val = 5 };
     *     assert.decreases(fn, obj, 'val');
     *
     * @name decreases
     * @param {Function} modifier function
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {String} property name
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    assert.decreases = function (fn, obj, prop) {
      new Assertion(fn).to.decrease(obj, prop);
    }

     /**
     * ### .doesNotDecrease(function, object, property)
     *
     * Asserts that a function does not decreases an object property
     *
     *     var obj = { val: 10 };
     *     var fn = function() { obj.val = 15 };
     *     assert.doesNotDecrease(fn, obj, 'val');
     *
     * @name doesNotDecrease
     * @param {Function} modifier function
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {String} property name
     * @param {String} message _optional_
     * @api public
     */

    assert.doesNotDecrease = function (fn, obj, prop) {
      new Assertion(fn).to.not.decrease(obj, prop);
    }

    /*!
     * Undocumented / untested
     */

    assert.ifError = function (val, msg) {
      new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.ok;
    };

    /*!
     * Aliases.
     */

    (function alias(name, as){
      assert[as] = assert[name];
      return alias;
    })
    ('Throw', 'throw')
    ('Throw', 'throws');
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/interface/expect.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * chai
   * Copyright(c) 2011-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  module.exports = function (chai, util) {
    chai.expect = function (val, message) {
      return new chai.Assertion(val, message);
    };

    /**
     * ### .fail(actual, expected, [message], [operator])
     *
     * Throw a failure.
     *
     * @name fail
     * @param {Mixed} actual
     * @param {Mixed} expected
     * @param {String} message
     * @param {String} operator
     * @api public
     */

    chai.expect.fail = function (actual, expected, message, operator) {
      message = message || 'expect.fail()';
      throw new chai.AssertionError(message, {
          actual: actual
        , expected: expected
        , operator: operator
      }, chai.expect.fail);
    };
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/interface/should.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * chai
   * Copyright(c) 2011-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  module.exports = function (chai, util) {
    var Assertion = chai.Assertion;

    function loadShould () {
      // explicitly define this method as function as to have it's name to include as `ssfi`
      function shouldGetter() {
        if (this instanceof String || this instanceof Number || this instanceof Boolean ) {
          return new Assertion(this.valueOf(), null, shouldGetter);
        }
        return new Assertion(this, null, shouldGetter);
      }
      function shouldSetter(value) {
        // See https://github.com/chaijs/chai/issues/86: this makes
        // `whatever.should = someValue` actually set `someValue`, which is
        // especially useful for `global.should = require('chai').should()`.
        //
        // Note that we have to use [[DefineProperty]] instead of [[Put]]
        // since otherwise we would trigger this very setter!
        Object.defineProperty(this, 'should', {
          value: value,
          enumerable: true,
          configurable: true,
          writable: true
        });
      }
      // modify Object.prototype to have `should`
      Object.defineProperty(Object.prototype, 'should', {
        set: shouldSetter
        , get: shouldGetter
        , configurable: true
      });

      var should = {};

      /**
       * ### .fail(actual, expected, [message], [operator])
       *
       * Throw a failure.
       *
       * @name fail
       * @param {Mixed} actual
       * @param {Mixed} expected
       * @param {String} message
       * @param {String} operator
       * @api public
       */

      should.fail = function (actual, expected, message, operator) {
        message = message || 'should.fail()';
        throw new chai.AssertionError(message, {
            actual: actual
          , expected: expected
          , operator: operator
        }, should.fail);
      };

      should.equal = function (val1, val2, msg) {
        new Assertion(val1, msg).to.equal(val2);
      };

      should.Throw = function (fn, errt, errs, msg) {
        new Assertion(fn, msg).to.Throw(errt, errs);
      };

      should.exist = function (val, msg) {
        new Assertion(val, msg).to.exist;
      }

      // negation
      should.not = {}

      should.not.equal = function (val1, val2, msg) {
        new Assertion(val1, msg).to.not.equal(val2);
      };

      should.not.Throw = function (fn, errt, errs, msg) {
        new Assertion(fn, msg).to.not.Throw(errt, errs);
      };

      should.not.exist = function (val, msg) {
        new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.exist;
      }

      should['throw'] = should['Throw'];
      should.not['throw'] = should.not['Throw'];

      return should;
    };

    chai.should = loadShould;
    chai.Should = loadShould;
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/addChainableMethod.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - addChainingMethod utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /*!
   * Module dependencies
   */

  var transferFlags = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/transferFlags.js');
  var flag = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/flag.js');
  var config = require('chai/lib/chai/config.js');

  /*!
   * Module variables
   */

  // Check whether `__proto__` is supported
  var hasProtoSupport = '__proto__' in Object;

  // Without `__proto__` support, this module will need to add properties to a function.
  // However, some Function.prototype methods cannot be overwritten,
  // and there seems no easy cross-platform way to detect them (@see chaijs/chai/issues/69).
  var excludeNames = /^(?:length|name|arguments|caller)$/;

  // Cache `Function` properties
  var call  = Function.prototype.call,
      apply = Function.prototype.apply;

  /**
   * ### addChainableMethod (ctx, name, method, chainingBehavior)
   *
   * Adds a method to an object, such that the method can also be chained.
   *
   *     utils.addChainableMethod(chai.Assertion.prototype, 'foo', function (str) {
   *       var obj = utils.flag(this, 'object');
   *       new chai.Assertion(obj).to.be.equal(str);
   *     });
   *
   * Can also be accessed directly from `chai.Assertion`.
   *
   *     chai.Assertion.addChainableMethod('foo', fn, chainingBehavior);
   *
   * The result can then be used as both a method assertion, executing both `method` and
   * `chainingBehavior`, or as a language chain, which only executes `chainingBehavior`.
   *
   *     expect(fooStr).to.be.foo('bar');
   *     expect(fooStr).to.be.foo.equal('foo');
   *
   * @param {Object} ctx object to which the method is added
   * @param {String} name of method to add
   * @param {Function} method function to be used for `name`, when called
   * @param {Function} chainingBehavior function to be called every time the property is accessed
   * @name addChainableMethod
   * @api public
   */

  module.exports = function (ctx, name, method, chainingBehavior) {
    if (typeof chainingBehavior !== 'function') {
      chainingBehavior = function () { };
    }

    var chainableBehavior = {
        method: method
      , chainingBehavior: chainingBehavior
    };

    // save the methods so we can overwrite them later, if we need to.
    if (!ctx.__methods) {
      ctx.__methods = {};
    }
    ctx.__methods[name] = chainableBehavior;

    Object.defineProperty(ctx, name,
      { get: function () {
          chainableBehavior.chainingBehavior.call(this);

          var assert = function assert() {
            var old_ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
            if (old_ssfi && config.includeStack === false)
              flag(this, 'ssfi', assert);
            var result = chainableBehavior.method.apply(this, arguments);
            return result === undefined ? this : result;
          };

          // Use `__proto__` if available
          if (hasProtoSupport) {
            // Inherit all properties from the object by replacing the `Function` prototype
            var prototype = assert.__proto__ = Object.create(this);
            // Restore the `call` and `apply` methods from `Function`
            prototype.call = call;
            prototype.apply = apply;
          }
          // Otherwise, redefine all properties (slow!)
          else {
            var asserterNames = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(ctx);
            asserterNames.forEach(function (asserterName) {
              if (!excludeNames.test(asserterName)) {
                var pd = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(ctx, asserterName);
                Object.defineProperty(assert, asserterName, pd);
              }
            });
          }

          transferFlags(this, assert);
          return assert;
        }
      , configurable: true
    });
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/addMethod.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - addMethod utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  var config = require('chai/lib/chai/config.js');

  /**
   * ### .addMethod (ctx, name, method)
   *
   * Adds a method to the prototype of an object.
   *
   *     utils.addMethod(chai.Assertion.prototype, 'foo', function (str) {
   *       var obj = utils.flag(this, 'object');
   *       new chai.Assertion(obj).to.be.equal(str);
   *     });
   *
   * Can also be accessed directly from `chai.Assertion`.
   *
   *     chai.Assertion.addMethod('foo', fn);
   *
   * Then can be used as any other assertion.
   *
   *     expect(fooStr).to.be.foo('bar');
   *
   * @param {Object} ctx object to which the method is added
   * @param {String} name of method to add
   * @param {Function} method function to be used for name
   * @name addMethod
   * @api public
   */
  var flag = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/flag.js');

  module.exports = function (ctx, name, method) {
    ctx[name] = function () {
      var old_ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
      if (old_ssfi && config.includeStack === false)
        flag(this, 'ssfi', ctx[name]);
      var result = method.apply(this, arguments);
      return result === undefined ? this : result;
    };
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/addProperty.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - addProperty utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /**
   * ### addProperty (ctx, name, getter)
   *
   * Adds a property to the prototype of an object.
   *
   *     utils.addProperty(chai.Assertion.prototype, 'foo', function () {
   *       var obj = utils.flag(this, 'object');
   *       new chai.Assertion(obj).to.be.instanceof(Foo);
   *     });
   *
   * Can also be accessed directly from `chai.Assertion`.
   *
   *     chai.Assertion.addProperty('foo', fn);
   *
   * Then can be used as any other assertion.
   *
   *     expect(myFoo).to.be.foo;
   *
   * @param {Object} ctx object to which the property is added
   * @param {String} name of property to add
   * @param {Function} getter function to be used for name
   * @name addProperty
   * @api public
   */

  module.exports = function (ctx, name, getter) {
    Object.defineProperty(ctx, name,
      { get: function () {
          var result = getter.call(this);
          return result === undefined ? this : result;
        }
      , configurable: true
    });
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/flag.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - flag utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /**
   * ### flag(object, key, [value])
   *
   * Get or set a flag value on an object. If a
   * value is provided it will be set, else it will
   * return the currently set value or `undefined` if
   * the value is not set.
   *
   *     utils.flag(this, 'foo', 'bar'); // setter
   *     utils.flag(this, 'foo'); // getter, returns `bar`
   *
   * @param {Object} object constructed Assertion
   * @param {String} key
   * @param {Mixed} value (optional)
   * @name flag
   * @api private
   */

  module.exports = function (obj, key, value) {
    var flags = obj.__flags || (obj.__flags = Object.create(null));
    if (arguments.length === 3) {
      flags[key] = value;
    } else {
      return flags[key];
    }
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/getActual.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - getActual utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /**
   * # getActual(object, [actual])
   *
   * Returns the `actual` value for an Assertion
   *
   * @param {Object} object (constructed Assertion)
   * @param {Arguments} chai.Assertion.prototype.assert arguments
   */

  module.exports = function (obj, args) {
    return args.length > 4 ? args[4] : obj._obj;
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/getEnumerableProperties.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - getEnumerableProperties utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /**
   * ### .getEnumerableProperties(object)
   *
   * This allows the retrieval of enumerable property names of an object,
   * inherited or not.
   *
   * @param {Object} object
   * @returns {Array}
   * @name getEnumerableProperties
   * @api public
   */

  module.exports = function getEnumerableProperties(object) {
    var result = [];
    for (var name in object) {
      result.push(name);
    }
    return result;
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/getMessage.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - message composition utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /*!
   * Module dependancies
   */

  var flag = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/flag.js')
    , getActual = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/getActual.js')
    , inspect = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/inspect.js')
    , objDisplay = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/objDisplay.js');

  /**
   * ### .getMessage(object, message, negateMessage)
   *
   * Construct the error message based on flags
   * and template tags. Template tags will return
   * a stringified inspection of the object referenced.
   *
   * Message template tags:
   * - `#{this}` current asserted object
   * - `#{act}` actual value
   * - `#{exp}` expected value
   *
   * @param {Object} object (constructed Assertion)
   * @param {Arguments} chai.Assertion.prototype.assert arguments
   * @name getMessage
   * @api public
   */

  module.exports = function (obj, args) {
    var negate = flag(obj, 'negate')
      , val = flag(obj, 'object')
      , expected = args[3]
      , actual = getActual(obj, args)
      , msg = negate ? args[2] : args[1]
      , flagMsg = flag(obj, 'message');

    if(typeof msg === "function") msg = msg();
    msg = msg || '';
    msg = msg
      .replace(/#{this}/g, objDisplay(val))
      .replace(/#{act}/g, objDisplay(actual))
      .replace(/#{exp}/g, objDisplay(expected));

    return flagMsg ? flagMsg + ': ' + msg : msg;
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/getName.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - getName utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /**
   * # getName(func)
   *
   * Gets the name of a function, in a cross-browser way.
   *
   * @param {Function} a function (usually a constructor)
   */

  module.exports = function (func) {
    if (func.name) return func.name;

    var match = /^\s?function ([^(]*)\(/.exec(func);
    return match && match[1] ? match[1] : "";
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/getPathValue.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - getPathValue utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * @see https://github.com/logicalparadox/filtr
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  var getPathInfo = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/getPathInfo.js');

  /**
   * ### .getPathValue(path, object)
   *
   * This allows the retrieval of values in an
   * object given a string path.
   *
   *     var obj = {
   *         prop1: {
   *             arr: ['a', 'b', 'c']
   *           , str: 'Hello'
   *         }
   *       , prop2: {
   *             arr: [ { nested: 'Universe' } ]
   *           , str: 'Hello again!'
   *         }
   *     }
   *
   * The following would be the results.
   *
   *     getPathValue('prop1.str', obj); // Hello
   *     getPathValue('prop1.att[2]', obj); // b
   *     getPathValue('prop2.arr[0].nested', obj); // Universe
   *
   * @param {String} path
   * @param {Object} object
   * @returns {Object} value or `undefined`
   * @name getPathValue
   * @api public
   */
  module.exports = function(path, obj) {
    var info = getPathInfo(path, obj);
    return info.value;
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/getPathInfo.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - getPathInfo utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  var hasProperty = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/hasProperty.js');

  /**
   * ### .getPathInfo(path, object)
   *
   * This allows the retrieval of property info in an
   * object given a string path.
   *
   * The path info consists of an object with the
   * following properties:
   *
   * * parent - The parent object of the property referenced by `path`
   * * name - The name of the final property, a number if it was an array indexer
   * * value - The value of the property, if it exists, otherwise `undefined`
   * * exists - Whether the property exists or not
   *
   * @param {String} path
   * @param {Object} object
   * @returns {Object} info
   * @name getPathInfo
   * @api public
   */

  module.exports = function getPathInfo(path, obj) {
    var parsed = parsePath(path),
        last = parsed[parsed.length - 1];

    var info = {
      parent: parsed.length > 1 ? _getPathValue(parsed, obj, parsed.length - 1) : obj,
      name: last.p || last.i,
      value: _getPathValue(parsed, obj),
    };
    info.exists = hasProperty(info.name, info.parent);

    return info;
  };


  /*!
   * ## parsePath(path)
   *
   * Helper function used to parse string object
   * paths. Use in conjunction with `_getPathValue`.
   *
   *      var parsed = parsePath('myobject.property.subprop');
   *
   * ### Paths:
   *
   * * Can be as near infinitely deep and nested
   * * Arrays are also valid using the formal `myobject.document[3].property`.
   * * Literal dots and brackets (not delimiter) must be backslash-escaped.
   *
   * @param {String} path
   * @returns {Object} parsed
   * @api private
   */

  function parsePath (path) {
    var str = path.replace(/([^\\])\[/g, '$1.[')
      , parts = str.match(/(\\\.|[^.]+?)+/g);
    return parts.map(function (value) {
      var re = /^\[(\d+)\]$/
        , mArr = re.exec(value);
      if (mArr) return { i: parseFloat(mArr[1]) };
      else return { p: value.replace(/\\([.\[\]])/g, '$1') };
    });
  }


  /*!
   * ## _getPathValue(parsed, obj)
   *
   * Helper companion function for `.parsePath` that returns
   * the value located at the parsed address.
   *
   *      var value = getPathValue(parsed, obj);
   *
   * @param {Object} parsed definition from `parsePath`.
   * @param {Object} object to search against
   * @param {Number} object to search against
   * @returns {Object|Undefined} value
   * @api private
   */

  function _getPathValue (parsed, obj, index) {
    var tmp = obj
      , res;

    index = (index === undefined ? parsed.length : index);

    for (var i = 0, l = index; i < l; i++) {
      var part = parsed[i];
      if (tmp) {
        if ('undefined' !== typeof part.p)
          tmp = tmp[part.p];
        else if ('undefined' !== typeof part.i)
          tmp = tmp[part.i];
        if (i == (l - 1)) res = tmp;
      } else {
        res = undefined;
      }
    }
    return res;
  }

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/hasProperty.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - hasProperty utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  var type = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/type.js');

  /**
   * ### .hasProperty(object, name)
   *
   * This allows checking whether an object has
   * named property or numeric array index.
   *
   * Basically does the same thing as the `in`
   * operator but works properly with natives
   * and null/undefined values.
   *
   *     var obj = {
   *         arr: ['a', 'b', 'c']
   *       , str: 'Hello'
   *     }
   *
   * The following would be the results.
   *
   *     hasProperty('str', obj);  // true
   *     hasProperty('constructor', obj);  // true
   *     hasProperty('bar', obj);  // false
   *
   *     hasProperty('length', obj.str); // true
   *     hasProperty(1, obj.str);  // true
   *     hasProperty(5, obj.str);  // false
   *
   *     hasProperty('length', obj.arr);  // true
   *     hasProperty(2, obj.arr);  // true
   *     hasProperty(3, obj.arr);  // false
   *
   * @param {Objuect} object
   * @param {String|Number} name
   * @returns {Boolean} whether it exists
   * @name getPathInfo
   * @api public
   */

  var literals = {
      'number': Number
    , 'string': String
  };

  module.exports = function hasProperty(name, obj) {
    var ot = type(obj);

    // Bad Object, obviously no props at all
    if(ot === 'null' || ot === 'undefined')
      return false;

    // The `in` operator does not work with certain literals
    // box these before the check
    if(literals[ot] && typeof obj !== 'object')
      obj = new literals[ot](obj);

    return name in obj;
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/getProperties.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - getProperties utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /**
   * ### .getProperties(object)
   *
   * This allows the retrieval of property names of an object, enumerable or not,
   * inherited or not.
   *
   * @param {Object} object
   * @returns {Array}
   * @name getProperties
   * @api public
   */

  module.exports = function getProperties(object) {
    var result = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(subject);

    function addProperty(property) {
      if (result.indexOf(property) === -1) {
        result.push(property);
      }
    }

    var proto = Object.getPrototypeOf(subject);
    while (proto !== null) {
      Object.getOwnPropertyNames(proto).forEach(addProperty);
      proto = Object.getPrototypeOf(proto);
    }

    return result;
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/index.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * chai
   * Copyright(c) 2011 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /*!
   * Main exports
   */

  var exports = module.exports = {};

  /*!
   * test utility
   */

  exports.test = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/test.js');

  /*!
   * type utility
   */

  exports.type = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/type.js');

  /*!
   * message utility
   */

  exports.getMessage = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/getMessage.js');

  /*!
   * actual utility
   */

  exports.getActual = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/getActual.js');

  /*!
   * Inspect util
   */

  exports.inspect = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/inspect.js');

  /*!
   * Object Display util
   */

  exports.objDisplay = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/objDisplay.js');

  /*!
   * Flag utility
   */

  exports.flag = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/flag.js');

  /*!
   * Flag transferring utility
   */

  exports.transferFlags = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/transferFlags.js');

  /*!
   * Deep equal utility
   */

  exports.eql = require('chaijs~deep-eql@0.1.3');

  /*!
   * Deep path value
   */

  exports.getPathValue = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/getPathValue.js');

  /*!
   * Deep path info
   */

  exports.getPathInfo = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/getPathInfo.js');

  /*!
   * Check if a property exists
   */

  exports.hasProperty = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/hasProperty.js');

  /*!
   * Function name
   */

  exports.getName = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/getName.js');

  /*!
   * add Property
   */

  exports.addProperty = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/addProperty.js');

  /*!
   * add Method
   */

  exports.addMethod = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/addMethod.js');

  /*!
   * overwrite Property
   */

  exports.overwriteProperty = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/overwriteProperty.js');

  /*!
   * overwrite Method
   */

  exports.overwriteMethod = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/overwriteMethod.js');

  /*!
   * Add a chainable method
   */

  exports.addChainableMethod = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/addChainableMethod.js');

  /*!
   * Overwrite chainable method
   */

  exports.overwriteChainableMethod = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/overwriteChainableMethod.js');


  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/inspect.js", function (exports, module) {
  // This is (almost) directly from Node.js utils
  // https://github.com/joyent/node/blob/f8c335d0caf47f16d31413f89aa28eda3878e3aa/lib/util.js

  var getName = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/getName.js');
  var getProperties = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/getProperties.js');
  var getEnumerableProperties = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/getEnumerableProperties.js');

  module.exports = inspect;

  /**
   * Echos the value of a value. Trys to print the value out
   * in the best way possible given the different types.
   *
   * @param {Object} obj The object to print out.
   * @param {Boolean} showHidden Flag that shows hidden (not enumerable)
   *    properties of objects.
   * @param {Number} depth Depth in which to descend in object. Default is 2.
   * @param {Boolean} colors Flag to turn on ANSI escape codes to color the
   *    output. Default is false (no coloring).
   */
  function inspect(obj, showHidden, depth, colors) {
    var ctx = {
      showHidden: showHidden,
      seen: [],
      stylize: function (str) { return str; }
    };
    return formatValue(ctx, obj, (typeof depth === 'undefined' ? 2 : depth));
  }

  // Returns true if object is a DOM element.
  var isDOMElement = function (object) {
    if (typeof HTMLElement === 'object') {
      return object instanceof HTMLElement;
    } else {
      return object &&
        typeof object === 'object' &&
        object.nodeType === 1 &&
        typeof object.nodeName === 'string';
    }
  };

  function formatValue(ctx, value, recurseTimes) {
    // Provide a hook for user-specified inspect functions.
    // Check that value is an object with an inspect function on it
    if (value && typeof value.inspect === 'function' &&
        // Filter out the util module, it's inspect function is special
        value.inspect !== exports.inspect &&
        // Also filter out any prototype objects using the circular check.
        !(value.constructor && value.constructor.prototype === value)) {
      var ret = value.inspect(recurseTimes);
      if (typeof ret !== 'string') {
        ret = formatValue(ctx, ret, recurseTimes);
      }
      return ret;
    }

    // Primitive types cannot have properties
    var primitive = formatPrimitive(ctx, value);
    if (primitive) {
      return primitive;
    }

    // If this is a DOM element, try to get the outer HTML.
    if (isDOMElement(value)) {
      if ('outerHTML' in value) {
        return value.outerHTML;
        // This value does not have an outerHTML attribute,
        //   it could still be an XML element
      } else {
        // Attempt to serialize it
        try {
          if (document.xmlVersion) {
            var xmlSerializer = new XMLSerializer();
            return xmlSerializer.serializeToString(value);
          } else {
            // Firefox 11- do not support outerHTML
            //   It does, however, support innerHTML
            //   Use the following to render the element
            var ns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml";
            var container = document.createElementNS(ns, '_');

            container.appendChild(value.cloneNode(false));
            html = container.innerHTML
              .replace('><', '>' + value.innerHTML + '<');
            container.innerHTML = '';
            return html;
          }
        } catch (err) {
          // This could be a non-native DOM implementation,
          //   continue with the normal flow:
          //   printing the element as if it is an object.
        }
      }
    }

    // Look up the keys of the object.
    var visibleKeys = getEnumerableProperties(value);
    var keys = ctx.showHidden ? getProperties(value) : visibleKeys;

    // Some type of object without properties can be shortcutted.
    // In IE, errors have a single `stack` property, or if they are vanilla `Error`,
    // a `stack` plus `description` property; ignore those for consistency.
    if (keys.length === 0 || (isError(value) && (
        (keys.length === 1 && keys[0] === 'stack') ||
        (keys.length === 2 && keys[0] === 'description' && keys[1] === 'stack')
       ))) {
      if (typeof value === 'function') {
        var name = getName(value);
        var nameSuffix = name ? ': ' + name : '';
        return ctx.stylize('[Function' + nameSuffix + ']', 'special');
      }
      if (isRegExp(value)) {
        return ctx.stylize(RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value), 'regexp');
      }
      if (isDate(value)) {
        return ctx.stylize(Date.prototype.toUTCString.call(value), 'date');
      }
      if (isError(value)) {
        return formatError(value);
      }
    }

    var base = '', array = false, braces = ['{', '}'];

    // Make Array say that they are Array
    if (isArray(value)) {
      array = true;
      braces = ['[', ']'];
    }

    // Make functions say that they are functions
    if (typeof value === 'function') {
      var name = getName(value);
      var nameSuffix = name ? ': ' + name : '';
      base = ' [Function' + nameSuffix + ']';
    }

    // Make RegExps say that they are RegExps
    if (isRegExp(value)) {
      base = ' ' + RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value);
    }

    // Make dates with properties first say the date
    if (isDate(value)) {
      base = ' ' + Date.prototype.toUTCString.call(value);
    }

    // Make error with message first say the error
    if (isError(value)) {
      return formatError(value);
    }

    if (keys.length === 0 && (!array || value.length == 0)) {
      return braces[0] + base + braces[1];
    }

    if (recurseTimes < 0) {
      if (isRegExp(value)) {
        return ctx.stylize(RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value), 'regexp');
      } else {
        return ctx.stylize('[Object]', 'special');
      }
    }

    ctx.seen.push(value);

    var output;
    if (array) {
      output = formatArray(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, keys);
    } else {
      output = keys.map(function(key) {
        return formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, key, array);
      });
    }

    ctx.seen.pop();

    return reduceToSingleString(output, base, braces);
  }


  function formatPrimitive(ctx, value) {
    switch (typeof value) {
      case 'undefined':
        return ctx.stylize('undefined', 'undefined');

      case 'string':
        var simple = '\'' + JSON.stringify(value).replace(/^"|"$/g, '')
                                                 .replace(/'/g, "\\'")
                                                 .replace(/\\"/g, '"') + '\'';
        return ctx.stylize(simple, 'string');

      case 'number':
        if (value === 0 && (1/value) === -Infinity) {
          return ctx.stylize('-0', 'number');
        }
        return ctx.stylize('' + value, 'number');

      case 'boolean':
        return ctx.stylize('' + value, 'boolean');
    }
    // For some reason typeof null is "object", so special case here.
    if (value === null) {
      return ctx.stylize('null', 'null');
    }
  }


  function formatError(value) {
    return '[' + Error.prototype.toString.call(value) + ']';
  }


  function formatArray(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, keys) {
    var output = [];
    for (var i = 0, l = value.length; i < l; ++i) {
      if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, String(i))) {
        output.push(formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys,
            String(i), true));
      } else {
        output.push('');
      }
    }
    keys.forEach(function(key) {
      if (!key.match(/^\d+$/)) {
        output.push(formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys,
            key, true));
      }
    });
    return output;
  }


  function formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, key, array) {
    var name, str;
    if (value.__lookupGetter__) {
      if (value.__lookupGetter__(key)) {
        if (value.__lookupSetter__(key)) {
          str = ctx.stylize('[Getter/Setter]', 'special');
        } else {
          str = ctx.stylize('[Getter]', 'special');
        }
      } else {
        if (value.__lookupSetter__(key)) {
          str = ctx.stylize('[Setter]', 'special');
        }
      }
    }
    if (visibleKeys.indexOf(key) < 0) {
      name = '[' + key + ']';
    }
    if (!str) {
      if (ctx.seen.indexOf(value[key]) < 0) {
        if (recurseTimes === null) {
          str = formatValue(ctx, value[key], null);
        } else {
          str = formatValue(ctx, value[key], recurseTimes - 1);
        }
        if (str.indexOf('\n') > -1) {
          if (array) {
            str = str.split('\n').map(function(line) {
              return '  ' + line;
            }).join('\n').substr(2);
          } else {
            str = '\n' + str.split('\n').map(function(line) {
              return '   ' + line;
            }).join('\n');
          }
        }
      } else {
        str = ctx.stylize('[Circular]', 'special');
      }
    }
    if (typeof name === 'undefined') {
      if (array && key.match(/^\d+$/)) {
        return str;
      }
      name = JSON.stringify('' + key);
      if (name.match(/^"([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*)"$/)) {
        name = name.substr(1, name.length - 2);
        name = ctx.stylize(name, 'name');
      } else {
        name = name.replace(/'/g, "\\'")
                   .replace(/\\"/g, '"')
                   .replace(/(^"|"$)/g, "'");
        name = ctx.stylize(name, 'string');
      }
    }

    return name + ': ' + str;
  }


  function reduceToSingleString(output, base, braces) {
    var numLinesEst = 0;
    var length = output.reduce(function(prev, cur) {
      numLinesEst++;
      if (cur.indexOf('\n') >= 0) numLinesEst++;
      return prev + cur.length + 1;
    }, 0);

    if (length > 60) {
      return braces[0] +
             (base === '' ? '' : base + '\n ') +
             ' ' +
             output.join(',\n  ') +
             ' ' +
             braces[1];
    }

    return braces[0] + base + ' ' + output.join(', ') + ' ' + braces[1];
  }

  function isArray(ar) {
    return Array.isArray(ar) ||
           (typeof ar === 'object' && objectToString(ar) === '[object Array]');
  }

  function isRegExp(re) {
    return typeof re === 'object' && objectToString(re) === '[object RegExp]';
  }

  function isDate(d) {
    return typeof d === 'object' && objectToString(d) === '[object Date]';
  }

  function isError(e) {
    return typeof e === 'object' && objectToString(e) === '[object Error]';
  }

  function objectToString(o) {
    return Object.prototype.toString.call(o);
  }

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/objDisplay.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - flag utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /*!
   * Module dependancies
   */

  var inspect = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/inspect.js');
  var config = require('chai/lib/chai/config.js');

  /**
   * ### .objDisplay (object)
   *
   * Determines if an object or an array matches
   * criteria to be inspected in-line for error
   * messages or should be truncated.
   *
   * @param {Mixed} javascript object to inspect
   * @name objDisplay
   * @api public
   */

  module.exports = function (obj) {
    var str = inspect(obj)
      , type = Object.prototype.toString.call(obj);

    if (config.truncateThreshold && str.length >= config.truncateThreshold) {
      if (type === '[object Function]') {
        return !obj.name || obj.name === ''
          ? '[Function]'
          : '[Function: ' + obj.name + ']';
      } else if (type === '[object Array]') {
        return '[ Array(' + obj.length + ') ]';
      } else if (type === '[object Object]') {
        var keys = Object.keys(obj)
          , kstr = keys.length > 2
            ? keys.splice(0, 2).join(', ') + ', ...'
            : keys.join(', ');
        return '{ Object (' + kstr + ') }';
      } else {
        return str;
      }
    } else {
      return str;
    }
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/overwriteMethod.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - overwriteMethod utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /**
   * ### overwriteMethod (ctx, name, fn)
   *
   * Overwites an already existing method and provides
   * access to previous function. Must return function
   * to be used for name.
   *
   *     utils.overwriteMethod(chai.Assertion.prototype, 'equal', function (_super) {
   *       return function (str) {
   *         var obj = utils.flag(this, 'object');
   *         if (obj instanceof Foo) {
   *           new chai.Assertion(obj.value).to.equal(str);
   *         } else {
   *           _super.apply(this, arguments);
   *         }
   *       }
   *     });
   *
   * Can also be accessed directly from `chai.Assertion`.
   *
   *     chai.Assertion.overwriteMethod('foo', fn);
   *
   * Then can be used as any other assertion.
   *
   *     expect(myFoo).to.equal('bar');
   *
   * @param {Object} ctx object whose method is to be overwritten
   * @param {String} name of method to overwrite
   * @param {Function} method function that returns a function to be used for name
   * @name overwriteMethod
   * @api public
   */

  module.exports = function (ctx, name, method) {
    var _method = ctx[name]
      , _super = function () { return this; };

    if (_method && 'function' === typeof _method)
      _super = _method;

    ctx[name] = function () {
      var result = method(_super).apply(this, arguments);
      return result === undefined ? this : result;
    }
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/overwriteProperty.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - overwriteProperty utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /**
   * ### overwriteProperty (ctx, name, fn)
   *
   * Overwites an already existing property getter and provides
   * access to previous value. Must return function to use as getter.
   *
   *     utils.overwriteProperty(chai.Assertion.prototype, 'ok', function (_super) {
   *       return function () {
   *         var obj = utils.flag(this, 'object');
   *         if (obj instanceof Foo) {
   *           new chai.Assertion(obj.name).to.equal('bar');
   *         } else {
   *           _super.call(this);
   *         }
   *       }
   *     });
   *
   *
   * Can also be accessed directly from `chai.Assertion`.
   *
   *     chai.Assertion.overwriteProperty('foo', fn);
   *
   * Then can be used as any other assertion.
   *
   *     expect(myFoo).to.be.ok;
   *
   * @param {Object} ctx object whose property is to be overwritten
   * @param {String} name of property to overwrite
   * @param {Function} getter function that returns a getter function to be used for name
   * @name overwriteProperty
   * @api public
   */

  module.exports = function (ctx, name, getter) {
    var _get = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(ctx, name)
      , _super = function () {};

    if (_get && 'function' === typeof _get.get)
      _super = _get.get

    Object.defineProperty(ctx, name,
      { get: function () {
          var result = getter(_super).call(this);
          return result === undefined ? this : result;
        }
      , configurable: true
    });
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/overwriteChainableMethod.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - overwriteChainableMethod utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /**
   * ### overwriteChainableMethod (ctx, name, method, chainingBehavior)
   *
   * Overwites an already existing chainable method
   * and provides access to the previous function or
   * property.  Must return functions to be used for
   * name.
   *
   *     utils.overwriteChainableMethod(chai.Assertion.prototype, 'length',
   *       function (_super) {
   *       }
   *     , function (_super) {
   *       }
   *     );
   *
   * Can also be accessed directly from `chai.Assertion`.
   *
   *     chai.Assertion.overwriteChainableMethod('foo', fn, fn);
   *
   * Then can be used as any other assertion.
   *
   *     expect(myFoo).to.have.length(3);
   *     expect(myFoo).to.have.length.above(3);
   *
   * @param {Object} ctx object whose method / property is to be overwritten
   * @param {String} name of method / property to overwrite
   * @param {Function} method function that returns a function to be used for name
   * @param {Function} chainingBehavior function that returns a function to be used for property
   * @name overwriteChainableMethod
   * @api public
   */

  module.exports = function (ctx, name, method, chainingBehavior) {
    var chainableBehavior = ctx.__methods[name];

    var _chainingBehavior = chainableBehavior.chainingBehavior;
    chainableBehavior.chainingBehavior = function () {
      var result = chainingBehavior(_chainingBehavior).call(this);
      return result === undefined ? this : result;
    };

    var _method = chainableBehavior.method;
    chainableBehavior.method = function () {
      var result = method(_method).apply(this, arguments);
      return result === undefined ? this : result;
    };
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/test.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - test utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /*!
   * Module dependancies
   */

  var flag = require('chai/lib/chai/utils/flag.js');

  /**
   * # test(object, expression)
   *
   * Test and object for expression.
   *
   * @param {Object} object (constructed Assertion)
   * @param {Arguments} chai.Assertion.prototype.assert arguments
   */

  module.exports = function (obj, args) {
    var negate = flag(obj, 'negate')
      , expr = args[0];
    return negate ? !expr : expr;
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/transferFlags.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - transferFlags utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /**
   * ### transferFlags(assertion, object, includeAll = true)
   *
   * Transfer all the flags for `assertion` to `object`. If
   * `includeAll` is set to `false`, then the base Chai
   * assertion flags (namely `object`, `ssfi`, and `message`)
   * will not be transferred.
   *
   *
   *     var newAssertion = new Assertion();
   *     utils.transferFlags(assertion, newAssertion);
   *
   *     var anotherAsseriton = new Assertion(myObj);
   *     utils.transferFlags(assertion, anotherAssertion, false);
   *
   * @param {Assertion} assertion the assertion to transfer the flags from
   * @param {Object} object the object to transfer the flags to; usually a new assertion
   * @param {Boolean} includeAll
   * @name transferFlags
   * @api private
   */

  module.exports = function (assertion, object, includeAll) {
    var flags = assertion.__flags || (assertion.__flags = Object.create(null));

    if (!object.__flags) {
      object.__flags = Object.create(null);
    }

    includeAll = arguments.length === 3 ? includeAll : true;

    for (var flag in flags) {
      if (includeAll ||
          (flag !== 'object' && flag !== 'ssfi' && flag != 'message')) {
        object.__flags[flag] = flags[flag];
      }
    }
  };

  });

  require.register("chai/lib/chai/utils/type.js", function (exports, module) {
  /*!
   * Chai - type utility
   * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
   * MIT Licensed
   */

  /*!
   * Detectable javascript natives
   */

  var natives = {
      '[object Arguments]': 'arguments'
    , '[object Array]': 'array'
    , '[object Date]': 'date'
    , '[object Function]': 'function'
    , '[object Number]': 'number'
    , '[object RegExp]': 'regexp'
    , '[object String]': 'string'
  };

  /**
   * ### type(object)
   *
   * Better implementation of `typeof` detection that can
   * be used cross-browser. Handles the inconsistencies of
   * Array, `null`, and `undefined` detection.
   *
   *     utils.type({}) // 'object'
   *     utils.type(null) // `null'
   *     utils.type(undefined) // `undefined`
   *     utils.type([]) // `array`
   *
   * @param {Mixed} object to detect type of
   * @name type
   * @api private
   */

  module.exports = function (obj) {
    var str = Object.prototype.toString.call(obj);
    if (natives[str]) return natives[str];
    if (obj === null) return 'null';
    if (obj === undefined) return 'undefined';
    if (obj === Object(obj)) return 'object';
    return typeof obj;
  };

  });

  if (typeof exports == "object") {
    module.exports = require("chai");
  } else if (typeof define == "function" && define.amd) {
    define("chai", [], function(){ return require("chai"); });
  } else {
    (this || window)["chai"] = require("chai");
  }
  })()